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A&P > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main functions of the digestive system?

A

Digestion, absorption, and Elimination

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2
Q

The inner most layer of the serous membrane in contact with abdominal organs

A

Visceral peritoneum

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3
Q

The outer layer of the serous membrane lining the adominopelvic cavity

A

Parietal peritoneum

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4
Q

The subdivision of the peritoneum that contains fat and hangs over the front of the intestines

A

Greater omentum

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5
Q

The subdivision of the peritoneum extending between the stomach and liver

A

Lesser omentum

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6
Q

The fan shaped portion of the peritoneum

A

Mesentery

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7
Q

The subdivision of the peritoneum that extends from the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

A

Mesocolon

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8
Q

The digestive tract layer in contact with the intestinal continents

A

Mucosa

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9
Q

Visceral peritoneum attached to the surface of a digestive organ

A

Serosa

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10
Q

The layer of connective tissue beneath the mucous membrane in the wall of the digestive tract

A

Submuscosa

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11
Q

Rhythmic contractions of the circular muscle layer that Mixes food with digestive juices

A

Segmentation

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12
Q

Alternating waves of contraction and relaxation that pushes food along the G.I tract

A

Peristalsis

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13
Q

Voluntary process of taking food or drink into the body through the mouth

A

Ingestion

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14
Q

Moves food back-and-forth to mix it in the small and large intestines

A

Segmentation

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15
Q

When large food molecules are broken down into the building blocks by enzymes

A

Chemical digestion

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16
Q

When nutrients travel from the G.I. tract into the bloodstream in the small intestine

A

Absorption

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17
Q

The elimination of solid waste from the body is called

A

Defecation

18
Q

In the mouth, mechanical digestion is accomplished by

A

Teeth and tongue

19
Q

Salivary glands produce enzymes that begin

A

Chemical digestion

20
Q

The hard palate is _____

A

Anterior to the soft palate

21
Q

In mechanical digestion, food is physically broken down into smaller pieces by the teeth during chewing

A

Mastification

22
Q

3 pairs of salivary glands

A

Parotid, Submandibular and Sublingual

23
Q

The part of the oral cavity roof that extends to form the uvula

A

Soft palate

24
Q

The act of swallowing

A

Deglutation

25
Q

Saliva contains

A

Water, salivary amylase, mucus, and antibacterial

26
Q

The final and longest section of the small intestine

A

ileum

27
Q

Located at the terminal end just before duodenum

A

Pyloric sphincter

28
Q

The stomach has a layer of

A

Oblique muscle in addition to the circular and longitudinal layer

29
Q

Small pores in the stomach are called

A

Gastric pits

30
Q

What enzyme breaks down proteins?

A

Pepsinogen

31
Q

Activated pepsinogen and transforms it into pepsin

A

Hydrochloric

32
Q

The body’s major digestive organ ; all nutrients is completed and almost all absorption occurs in the

A

Small intestine

33
Q

The first portion of the small intestine

A

Duodenum

34
Q

The largest internal organ and its primary digestive function is to produce bile

A

Liver

35
Q

Bile is stored in the

A

Gallbladder

36
Q

Bile breaks down fat droplets into smaller pieces in a process called

A

Emulsification

37
Q

Four regions of the colon

A

Ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, Sigmoid colon

38
Q

Fingerlike projection suspended from the cecum

A

Appendix

39
Q

Final storage for feces

A

Sigmoid

40
Q

Folds in the stomach that are absent if the stomach is full

A

Rugae

41
Q

Folds in the intestinal mucosa that are always present

A

Villi

A&P (10 decks)

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