Definitions

Question 1

Properties of a proton

Answer 1

In nucleus, positive charge

Question 2

Properties of a neutron

Answer 2

In nucleus, neutral charge

Question 3

Properties of an electron

Answer 3

In orbit, negative charge

Question 4

Element

Answer 4

Substance made up of the one type of particle. Cannot be broken down chemically into smaller substances.

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

Substance made up of two or more different elements. Can be broken down in to simpler substances.

Question 6

Mixture

Answer 6

Two or more substances physically combined.

Question 7

Isotype

Answer 7

Have the same number of protons BUT different numbers of neutrons.

Question 8

Cation

Answer 8

A positively charged ion (atoms or groups of atoms that have more protons than electrons due to having lost one or more electrons)

Question 9

Anion

Answer 9

Negatively-charged ions (meaning they have more electrons than protons due to having gained one or more electrons)

Question 10

Acids

Answer 10

Give away a hydrogen ion (produce). Can corrode metal and have a sour taste. Turn litmus paper red and have a PH less than 7.

Question 11

Bases

Answer 11

Accept a hydrogen ion. Can feel slippery, have a bitter taste and turn litmus paper blue. Their PH level is more than 7.

Question 12

Acids and a base in water

Answer 12

Their reaction results in the formation of a salt and water. This reaction is called neutralization.

Question 13

Use of the PH scale

Answer 13

Used to measure the strength of acids and bases and is 0-14. Acids are more than 7, 7 is neutral and bases are less than 7.

Question 14

Uses of acids and bases

Answer 14

Cleaning products, carbonated drinks, paint and soap.

Question 15

Exothermic

Answer 15

Releases energy and causes the temperature of surroundings to rise

Question 16

Endothermic

Answer 16

Absorbs energy and cools the surroundings.

Question 17

Chemical reactions are classified…

Answer 17

Based on the type of heat energy changed are classified as either exothermic or endothermic.

Question 18

Examples of a exothermic reaction

Answer 18

Burning wood, snow formation, burning of a candle and burning of gasoline.

Question 19

Examples of an endothermic reaction

Answer 19

Photosynthesis, melting ice cubes, evaporation and cooking an egg.

Question 20

Pure substances

Answer 20

Are substances composed of one type of chemical subunit.

Question 21

Nobel gases

Answer 21

Substances made up of individual atoms. They are also unreactive.

Question 22

Molecules

Answer 22

Are individual structures containing atoms joined by chemical bonds.

Question 23

Lattices

Answer 23

Are continuous networks of atoms joined by chemical bonds.