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Medicine > cardiac physiology > Flashcards

cardiac physiology Flashcards

1
Q

vessels that are considered as primary resistance vesseles ?

A

arterioles

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2
Q

3rd heart sound produced which phase of the cardiac cycle?

A

rapid ventricular filling

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3
Q

in right dominant person posterior descending artery originated from?

A

right coronary artery

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4
Q

notched p wave in ecg indicates ?

A

left atrial enlargement

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5
Q

the ventricles completely depolarized which portion of the ecg?

A

ST segment

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6
Q

myocardial contractility best correlated with which ion?

A

ca+

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7
Q

carbon di oxide regulates blood flow to which organ?

A

Brain

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8
Q

cardiac output of the right side of the heart is what percentage of the cardiac output of left side of the heart?
50%? 75?% or more?

A

100%

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9
Q

blood flow to which organ primarily controlled by sympathetic nervous system, not by metabolites?

A

Skin

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10
Q

cause of wide splitting S2

A

RBBB,pulmonary stenosis

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11
Q

can you say few causes of increased pressure in the right atrium?

A

tricuspid stenosis, Right ventricular failure, Cardiac tamponade

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12
Q

cause of slow rising pulse?

A

AS

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13
Q

cause of jerky pulse ?

A

HOCM

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14
Q

cause of pulsus alternans?

A

severe LVF,AR

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15
Q

cause of palpable S1?

A

mitral stenosis

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16
Q

cause of papable p2?

A

pulmonary HTN

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17
Q

cause of displaced or thrusting apex beat?

A

MR/AR

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18
Q

cause of discrete or heaving apex beat?

A

AS,HTN

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19
Q

cause of bounding pulse?

A

hyperdynamic circulation(anaemia,oregnancy,thyrotoxicosis)

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20
Q

cause of wide pulse pressure?

A

thyrotoxicosis, destructive sleep apnoea,arteriosclerosis,ASD,PDA

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21
Q

cause of narrow pulse pressure?

A

dengue,AS,cardiac tamponade,shock

22
Q

during sleep cardiac output decreases?T/F

A

F ..no change

23
Q

which organ has highest blood flow?

A

LIver,if you consider per 100gm then kidney

24
Q

most permeable portion of the microcirculation?

A

Post capillary venules

25
Q

cause of giant A wave in jvp?

A

tricuspid stenosis

26
Q

cause of cannon A wave in jvp?

A

complete heart block

27
Q

cause of giant V wave?

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

28
Q

which enzyme breaks down ANP,BNP?

A

neprilysin

29
Q

from where neprilysin is produced ?

A

Kidney

30
Q

the predominant effect of sympathetic stimulation is 1.vasoconstriction 2.vasodialation

A

2

31
Q

during inspiration JVP rises or falls?

A

falls

32
Q

does second heart sound fuse during inspiration?

A

no, splits

33
Q

during inspiration blood pressure falls upto 10 mmhg..T/F?

A

True

34
Q

which condition can cause pulsus paradoxus?

A

phy:pregnancy,extreme obesity

resp:COPD,asthma,tension pneumothorax

cardiac: pulmonary embolism, cardiac tamponade, restrictive cardiomyopathy

35
Q

what is the main indication of ambulatory ECG?

A

suspected arrythmia

36
Q

what can be the cause of 4th heart sound?

A

severe left ventricular hypertrophy

37
Q

can you guess a situation when atrial contraction becomes more important than ventricular filling?

A

during high heart rate, because of reduced diastolic filling time

38
Q

what are present in veins to prevent reflux of blood?

A

valves

39
Q

what is another word for myocardial wall stress?

A

afterload

40
Q

what part of the renal artery will atherosclerosis occur?

A

proximal

41
Q

which sign you will find in the cxray of COA?

A

3 sign

42
Q

as arteries get smaller the velocity increases or decrease?

A

decreases

43
Q

which one is more potent? NO or PGI2 ?

A

NO

44
Q

angiotensin is a vasoconstrictor or dialator ?

A

vasoconstrictor

45
Q

what is the first artery off to aorta ?

A

coronary artery

46
Q

where is the eustachian valve located?

A

inferior venacava

47
Q

blood flow is inversely proportional to ?

A

viscosity and length of the vessel

48
Q

which layer of blood vessel thicker in arteries ?

A

media

49
Q

which layer of blood vessel thicker in veins ?

A

adventitia

50
Q

which vesseles have the greatest surface area for exchange?

A

capillaries

51
Q

the atria and ventricles separated by?

A

annulus fibrosus

Medicine (9 decks)

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