Urinary

Question 1

• histologically apparent substructure of the renal cortex composed of glomeruli and proximal tubules.

Answer 1

Cortical labyrinth

Question 2

• An anatomical unit of the kidney composed of the medullary pyramid and the overlying cortex.

Answer 2

Lobe (renal)

Question 3

• An anatomical subunit of a renal lobe that is centered on a single medullary ray.

Answer 3

Lobule (renal)

Question 4

• Collections of renal tubules coursing from the renal cortex to the medulla and centered around a collecting duct.

Answer 4

Medullary rays

Question 5

• The process by fluid and molecules selectively pass across the glomerular filtration barrier (plasma -> urine). The ultrafiltrate is dependent on concentration gradients and hydrostatic blood pressure.

Answer 5

Ultrafiltration (renal)

Question 6

-cup-like structures receiving urine from the collecting ducts where it passes on to the renal pelvis and ureter

Answer 6

Calyces

Question 7

-arteriole carrying blood from the glomerulus to the capillary beds around the convoluted tubules and loop of Henle; portion of the portal system

Answer 7

Efferent arteriole

Question 8

• tuft of capillaries surrounded by Bowman’s capsule; filters the blood based on size

Answer 8

Glomerulus

Question 9

• functional units of the kidney that carry out all filtration and modification to produce urine; consist of renal corpuscles, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and descending and ascending loops of Henle; drain into collecting ducts

Answer 9

Nephrons

Question 10

• inner region of kidney containing the renal pyramids

Answer 10

Medulla

Question 11

• second capillary bed of the renal portal system; surround the proximal and distal convoluted tubules; associated with the vasa recta

Answer 11

Peritubular capillaries

Question 12

• extensions of the renal cortex into the renal medulla; separates the renal pyramids; contains blood vessels and connective tissues

Answer 12

Renal columns

Question 13

• outer part of kidney containing all of the nephrons; some nephrons have loops of Henle extending into the medulla

Answer 13

Renal cortex

Question 14

• adipose tissue between the renal fascia and the renal capsule that provides protective cushioning to the kidney

Answer 14

Renal fat pad

Question 15

• recessed medial area of the kidney through which the renal artery, renal vein, ureters, lymphatics, and nerves pass

Answer 15

Renal hilum

Question 16

• medullary area of the renal pyramids where collecting ducts empty urine into the minor calyces

Answer 16

Renal papillae

Question 17

• six to eight cone-shaped tissues in the medulla of the kidney containing collecting ducts and the loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons.

Answer 17

Renal pyramids