Urinary

Question 1

List the organs and functions of the urinary system and describe the role of each organ in the system’s main functions.

Answer 1

• Kidney:
  
  • Excretion
  • clear blood of waste products
  • regulate concentration of body fluids
  • EPO production
  • Renin production to cleave and activation angiotensinogen to AT1

Excretory fx only:

• Ureters
• Urinary Bladder
• Urethra

Question 2

Describe the structure, function and location of each component of a nephron and the urinary tract into which the nephrons empty

Answer 2

• Uriniferous Tubule components:
  
  • 2 principal parts, the nephron and the CD
• Nephron comprises the:
  
  • Renal Corpuscle
  • PCT
  • Loop of Henle
  • DCT
    *

Question 3

Describe the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus and identify its components.

Question 4

Trace the circulation of blood through the kidney.

Question 5

Trace the flow of urinary filtrate from Bowman’s space to the exterior, naming in order the tubules and urinary tract components through which it flows.

Question 6

Describe the changes in filtrate composition that occur in each component of the system.

Question 7

Compare the kidney’s countercurrent exchange with its countercurrent multiplier system.

Question 8

Explain the roles of ADH (anti diuretic hormone) and aldosterone in renal function.

Question 9

Compare and contrast male and female urethra.

Question 10

Identify the components of the glomerular filtration barrier.

Question 11

Explain the effect of atrial natriuretic hormone on kidney.

Question 12

Describe the changes seen in the structure of the tubules due to congenital polycystic disease of the kidney.

Question 13

Explain the role played by macula densa in hypertension.

Question 14

List the three main structural components of the kidney by which disorders involving the kidney can be divided based upon the specific component primarily affected.