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Unit 2 Geography CCEA GCSE > Theme C: Contrasts in World Development > Flashcards

Theme C: Contrasts in World Development Flashcards

1
Q

What does development measure the level of?

A

The level of economic growth and wealth of a country

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2
Q

What can development affect in a person?

A

Their income and standard of living

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3
Q

What is the development gap?

A

The difference in development between MEDCS and LEDCs

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4
Q

What is meant by GNI?

A

Gross National Incone

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5
Q

What does a countries GNI measure?

A

The value of everything it produces per person

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6
Q

List 2 advantages of using a countries GNI as an economic indicator

A

Shows how much money that country has available

Easy to compare to wealth of other countries as all info is in USD

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7
Q

List 2 disadvantages of using the countries GNI as an economic indicator

A

Doesn’t show where the money is being spent or what on

Doesn’t show how wealth amongst citizens of a country is distributed

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8
Q

What is meant by the term life expectancy?

A

How long people live on average

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9
Q

What is meant by literacy rate?

A

The percentage of people who can read and write

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10
Q

Give 3 advantages of using a countries life expectancy and literacy rate as a social indicator

A

Shows how money in a country is being spent.

Shows what people’s lives are like

Easy to calculate

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11
Q

Give 3 disadvantages of using a countries life expectancy and literacy rate as a social indicator

A

Doesn’t show variation inside a country

Doesn’t show how much money is available for development

Data may be unreliable in some LEDCS due to lack of money

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12
Q

What is meant by HDI?

A

Human Development Index

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13
Q

What 3 social indicators and one economic indicator does the HDI combine?

A

Life expectancy
Adult literacy rate and school enrolment
GNI per person

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14
Q

Give 3 advantages of using a countries HDI as an indicator.

A

Gives info about wealth and quality of life

Updated Annually

Shows how rich countries spend their momey

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15
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of using a countries HDI as an indicator

A

Some geographers think that wealth still has too much value in the HDI

Some geographers think that the HDI is too simple

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16
Q

List 4 factors that hinder development in LEDCs

A

Historical factors
Environmental factors
Dependence on primary activities
Debt

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17
Q

In terms of environmental factors, what do many LEDCs suffer from?

A

Natural disasters eg Earthquakes

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18
Q

What Tsunami destroyed large areas of India in 2004?

A

The Boxing Day Tsunami

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19
Q

For every £1 of coffee sold, how much would a coffee producer in Rwanda make?

A

3 pence

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20
Q

What does Ghana depend on which makes up 30% of their GDP?

A

Cocoa Bean production

21
Q

What does the Maldives depend on to get 75.1% of it’s GNI?

A

Tourism

22
Q

Where does Zambia get 98% of its income from?

A

Exportation of copper

23
Q

What sector makes up 74% of Nepals population and 1% of the US population?

A

Primary sector

24
Q

How much money does Ecuador owe in debt?

A

10 billion USD

25
Q

How many Sustainable Development Goals are there?

A

17

26
Q

What 5 things were the Sustainable Development Goals taking action for?

A

People
Planet
Prosperity
Peace
Partnership

27
Q

List 4 criticisms of the sustainable development goals.

A

Don’t go far enough

People believe hunger should’ve been ended in 5 years, not 15

Too many goals

Some goals are unachievable

28
Q

What is meant by appropriate technology?

A

Small scale technology which is controlled by local people that uses local resources and can be bought for a low cost.

29
Q

What is meant by fair trade?

A

A type of trade where producers in a poor country get a fair living wage for their product and which promotes environmental protection

30
Q

If you buy a bar of chocolate that is not fair trade, how much will the producer get? (Percentage)

A

4%

31
Q

What is meant by a “Fair Trade Premium”?

A

An extra amount of money paid to farmers

32
Q

What does fair trade guarantee for farmers?

A

Minimum wage

33
Q

List 4 benefits of fair trade

A

Farmers can provide for their families
Farmers have a better standard of living
Farmers have access to cheap loans
Promotes usage of sustainable farming

34
Q

In order to join a fair trade cooperative a farmer must not use child labour, what does this encourage for the children?

A

For them to go to school

35
Q

St Lucia has 13 groups of fair trade banana farmers. List 3 things these people have been able to do using their fair trade income

A

Build community centre
Buy science equipment for 2 schools
Buy a new truck

36
Q

List the 4 other benefits of fair trade

A

Partnership
Empowerment
Environment
Access to new markets

37
Q

What is meant by the term globalisation?

A

The way people, goods, money and ideas move around the world faster and more cheaply than ever before

38
Q

List 4 things globalisation has resulted in

A

Increased international trade
Companies operating in more than one country
Dependence on the global economy
Freer movement of goods and services globally

39
Q

List 5 factors that have lead to globalisation

A

Freedom of trade
Countries are interdependent
World Trade
Cheap Labour
Global Industry

40
Q

What can MNC’s provide for local people?

A

Jobs and skills

41
Q

Because of globalisation, why will the standard of living increase for shop owners?

A

Local employees of MNC factories will spend money in local shops

42
Q

As a result of globalisation, why will healthcare and education be of a higher standard?

A

People pay taxes earned at MNC factories

43
Q

What do MNC’s bring to local economies when they buy products and services in the local area?

A

Wealth and foreign currency

44
Q

What companies do MNCs typically drive out of buisness?

A

Local companies

45
Q

What do MNCs pollute?

A

The environment

46
Q

What type of conditions are there in MNC factories?

A

Poor conditions

47
Q

Where are the profits of MNCs typically sent?

A

To the headquarters of the company which is usually an MEDC

48
Q

What is meant by the term NIC?

A

Newly Industrialised Country

49
Q

What is meant by globalisation?

A

The way in which countries from all over the world are becoming linked by trade , ideas and technology

Unit 2 Geography CCEA GCSE (15 decks)

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