digestive tract Flashcards
1
Q
steps of the digestive system
A
- ingestion
- digestion
- absorption
- assimilation
- elimination
2
Q
main organs
A
- salivary glands
- oesophagus
- stomach
- small intestine
- caecum
- large intestine
- colon
- rectum
3
Q
accessory organs
A
- liver
- gallbladder
- pancreas
4
Q
three parts of the small intestine
A
- duodenum
- jejunum
- ileum
5
Q
ruminant stomach
A
- rumen
- reticulum
- omasum
- abomasum
6
Q
rumen
A
- first chamber of ruminant stomach
- bacterial fermentation
- absorbs fat
- stores undigested plant material
7
Q
reticulum
A
- second chamber of ruminant stomach
- mechanical digestion
- honeycomb filter that stops larger particles from moving on
- helps bring food back up for re-mastication
8
Q
omasum
A
- third chamber
- mechanical digestion (grinds + squeezes food into a paste)
- hard walls + very muscular
- absorbs water + nutrients (fatty acids)
- filters large food particles to be returned to the reticulum
9
Q
abomasum
A
- ‘true / actual stomach’
- similar to the monogastric stomach
- secretes hydrochloric acid + enzymes for nutrient breakdown
- symbiotic bacteria is digested (main source of protein)
- has folds to increase surface area
10
Q
fore-gut fermenter
A
- fermentation happens in a stomach chamber
- all ruminants are fore-gut fermenters
- no upper incisors
- caecum is not particularly important
- polygastric
11
Q
hind-gut fermenters
A
- fermentation happens after the small intestine
- fermentation mainly in the caecum + colon
- monogastric
