Drugs Used in Anesthesia Flashcards
What does MAC stand for?
minimal alveolar anesthetic concentration
What does the MAC value mean when assessing inhaled anesthetics mean?
in essence the ED50 amount of drug effective in 50% population; therefore it is a measure of potency.
the lower the MAC the more potent the drug is
What does the blood-gas ratio indicate?
rate of onset and recovery
the lower the blood gas ratio the faster the onset and recovery of the drug
What is midazolam used for in regards to IV anesthesia?
- preoperative sedation
- anterograde amnesia
Uses of propofol?
- induction and maintenance of anesthesia
- antiemetic
- CNS and cardiac depressant
What class of drugs would fentanyl fall under?
opiate
Use for Fentanyl?
induction and maintenance of anesthesea
MOA ketamine?
NMDA receptor antagonist
S/E ketamine?
cardiovascular stimulation
inc. intracranial pressure
hallucination
Name some IV anesthetics?
midazolams (and other BZs)
Propofol
Fentanyl
ketamine
What are the 2 types of local anesthetics?
esters and amides
How do you remember drugs that are esters from amides?
Amides has I in name. They are local anesthetics with 2 I’s in them
Esters has no I; they are local anesthetics with 1 I in their name
TTD is found where and MOA?
tetrodotoxin (from puffer fish)
blocks activated Na+ channels
Saxitoxin is found where and what is the MOA?
- algae toxin, “red tide”
- block activated Na+ channels
How do local anesthetics use MOA and ionization to effect change on sodium channels?
the nonionized form of the drug crosses the axonal membrane; then once inside the nerve the ionized for blocks inactivated Na+ channels
