Basic Science Flashcards
Developmental pathway for osteoblast formation…
Low mechanical strain and high O2 environment favors osteoblast and osteoclast formation.
Myeloid Mesenchymal cell - Runx2 - Osteo progenitor cell - Wnt signaling molecule - beta catenin - Runx2 - Osx - terminally differentiated osteocytes
Function of Sclerostin?
Inhibits osteoblast activity
Osteoblasts regulate osteoclasts via these two molecules…
RANK Ligand - stimulates osteoclast differentiation.
Osteoprotegrin - blocks RANK ligand from binding RANK receptor on osteoclasts.
Calcitonin from the thyroid binds —— and —- bone ——.
Osteoclasts
Slows
Resorption
Feedback loop of serum calcium homeostasis and roles of Calcitonin and PTH…
Calcitonin: inhibits osteoclasts
PTH: stimulates osteoclasts
What is the active form of vitamin D?
What lab test is done to assess vitamin D deficiency?
1,25 Vit D
25 Vit D
Tendons are type __ collagen
Type 1
Bone is made of type __ collagen
Type 1 b(one)
Cartilage is made of type __ collagen
Type 2 (car-two-lage)
Cytokines that promote osteolysis?
IL-6
IL-1
-TNF alpha
-Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand
Mutation in this gene can cause autosomal dominant hypophosphotemic rickets?
FGF23
This molecule serves as a receptor decoy for RANKL and subsequently inhibits osteoclast differentiation
Osteoprotegrin
Fibrocartilage is type ____ collagen.
Type 1
Menisci are made of what type of collagen?
Type 1
What 3 lower extremity muscles have dual innervation and what are they?
