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STS Summative Quiz > 7. Pollution and it’s Management > Flashcards

7. Pollution and it’s Management Flashcards

1
Q

Defined as anthropogenic, undesired change in water, air, or soil through addition of material or energy

A

pollution

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2
Q

are often byproducts of essential activities e.g. provision of energy, crop production, manufacturing, air conditioning

A

pollutant

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3
Q

is considered one of the most eutrophic bodies of water in the country

A

Manila Bay

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4
Q

measure of water quality

A

dissolved oxygen

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5
Q

the higher the dissolved oxygen _____

A

the better the quality

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6
Q

is often composed of 99.9% water and 0.1% pollutants

A

sewage/ waste water

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7
Q

Sewage is often composed of ___% water and ___% pollutants

A

99.9% ; 0.1%

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8
Q

facility that is composed of stages where water must go through in order

A

wastewater treatment facility

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9
Q

first step in a wastewater treatment facility

A

removal of large materials

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10
Q

last step in a wastewater treatment facility

A

removal of nutrient chemicals

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11
Q

“the result of excessive enrichment of water with nutrients which
may cause an increase in the accelerated growth of algae
(phytoplankton) in the water column and higher forms of plants living
on the bottom of the sea”

A

Eutrophication

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12
Q

when wastewater is dumped into bodies of water without nutrient,

A

it would create a nutrient rich runoff

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13
Q

common sources of nutrients are

A

industrial and agricultural runoff

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14
Q

[7] methods to prevent eutrophication

A

-chemical treatments
-aeration
-banning of phosphate detergents
-advanced sewage treatment
-control of urban runoff
-control of sediments (sediment traps in construction and mining)

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15
Q

process where excess silt is removed from the bottom of the bay

A

Dredging

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16
Q

chemicals are considered hazardous if it as the following characteristics:

A

-ignitability
-corrosivity
-reactivity
-toxicity

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17
Q

substances that easily catch fire

A

ignitability

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18
Q

unstable substances, forms fumes and may explode

A

reactivity

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19
Q

detrimental to health when ingested or inhaled

A

toxicity

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20
Q

the accumulation by organisms, of hazardous metals and non biodegradable synthetic organics over time until it reaches toxic levels

A

bioaccumulation

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21
Q

the accumulation of hazardous chemicals increases further along the food chain

A

biomagnification

22
Q

methods of disposing hazardous chemicals:

A

-landfill
-deepwell injection
-surface impoundment

23
Q

considered one of the greatest oil spill disaster in the coutnry

A

Guimaras Oil Spill

24
Q

an increased _____ was found in sea shells [guimaras oil spill]

A

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

25
Q

common air pollutants:

A

-suspended particulate matter
-volatile organic compounds
-carbon monoxide
-nitrgoen oxides
-air toxins and radon

26
Q

[air pollutant] solid particles and aerosols like dust, smoke, haze

A

suspended particulate matter

27
Q

[pollutant] substances which evaporate like gasoline, paint solvents, organic cleaning solutions

A

volatile organic compounds

28
Q

[pollutant] poisonous to living organisms as it competes with oxygen in the blood

A

carbon monoxide

29
Q

[pollutant] converted into nitric acid in the atmosphere, produces acid rain

A

nitrogen oxides

30
Q

[pollutant] carcinogenic materials, radioactive materials, asbestos

A

air toxins and radon

31
Q

what are the top three sources of air pollution?

A
  1. small non-road sources & machinery
  2. manufacturing industry & construction
  3. industrial pocesses
32
Q

5 layers of the atmosphere:

A
  1. Troposhere
  2. Stratosphere
  3. Ozone layer
  4. Mesosphere
  5. Ionosphere
33
Q

[layers of the atmosphere] the most significant, in terms of pollution mechanism, are the

A

troposhere & stratosphere

34
Q

[layer of the atmosphere] has mixing and is where clouds and water vapor are contained

A

troposphere

35
Q

[layer of the atmosphere] has no mixing and has high temperature due to the ozone layer

A

stratosphere

36
Q

What happens to air pollutants that dissipates into the troposhere?

A

Air pollutants that reach the troposphere return to eath surface through rain.

37
Q

What happens to air pollutants that eventually reach the stratosphere?

A

Air pollutats that reach the stratosphere stay there forever.

38
Q

Annual average of pollutants in Manila is at

A

17 ug/m3

39
Q

Annual average of pollutants in Manila is ____% more than the recommended safe level.

A

70%

40
Q

defined as the total of all materials wasted from domestiv and commercial establishments, also called garbage/trash/refuse

A

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

41
Q

Majority of our MSW are ___

A

biodegradables

42
Q

Disposing of MSW

A
  1. lanfdill
  2. combustion
43
Q

provides the legal framework for the country’s systematic, comprehensive, and ecological solid waste management program that shall ensure protection of public health and the environment

A

Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

44
Q

The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act also provides the necessary institutional mechanisms with the creation of the __________ which shall oversee the implementation

A

National Solid Waste Management Commission

45
Q

is a process that can happen in a water body when too many nutrients are added to the system

A

Eutrophication

46
Q

Eutrophication starts with ___

A

fertilizers

47
Q

____ are food for algae

A

Nutriens

48
Q

water without oxygen is called

A

anoxic

49
Q

If the water turns anoxic, all non-bacterial life in the water, including fish and other animals

A

will die

50
Q

process of Eutrophication

A
  • nutrients are added to water
  • causing an algal bloom
  • cutting off sunlight and feeding bacteria
  • the bacteria use up oxygen in the water, which becomes anoxic
    -causing every living thing in the water to die

STS Summative Quiz (5 decks)

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