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Year 8 > Science - Energy > Flashcards

Science - Energy Flashcards

For the Science Physics Energy test.

1
Q

How does heat energy flow?

A

From the hotter object to the colder object

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2
Q

What are the THREE transformations of heat energy?

A

Conduction, Convection, and Radiation

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3
Q

What is conduction?

A

When heat is transferred from one object to another physically (By physical contact)

The particles in the solid object still vibrate when heated and bump into another object.

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4
Q

What is the opposite to a conductor?

A

An insulator. It is a poor conductor.

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5
Q

What are some examples of good conductors.

A

Copper, tin, iron, or generally any metal.

Conductors can conduct heat very well.

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6
Q

What are some examples of poor conductors (Insulators).

A

Plastic, rubber, wood. Fabrics are also good insulators.

Insulators cannot conduct heat very well and are generally used to keep heat or stop the cold.

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7
Q

What is convection?

A

When heat energy is transferred on currents of air. The hot air rises and the cold air lowers. This creates a cycle called convection.

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8
Q

What is the equation for density?

A

Density = Mass / Volume

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9
Q

What are all the forms of energy?

A

Kinetic: Movement of objects
Light: The light emitted Sound: Noise
Nuclear: Nuclear Energy
Chemical: Chemical Energy
Electrical: Electricity
Thermal: Heat sources

Potential Energy:
Gravitational Potential Energy, Elastic Potential Energy, Chemical Potential Energy

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10
Q

What is a Sanky Diagram and how do you draw one?

A

A Sanky Diagram shows how energy efficient a machine is.

You have 100% input energy and there are two different outputs: Wasted and Useful Energy.

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11
Q

Is sound a transverse wave or a longitudinal wave?

A

Longitudinal Wave.

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12
Q

How does sound travel?

A

Sound vibrates the close air particles. These particles bump into other particles and keeps on bumping into the next particle. This creates a “wave” and allows us to hear the sound.

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13
Q

What is the peak/crest in a sound wave?

A

The highest point of a wavelength.

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14
Q

What is the amplitude in a sound wave?

A

It is the height of the wave measured from the middle to the peak.

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15
Q

What is the trough in a sound wave?

A

Similar to peak, it is the lowest point of a wavelength.

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16
Q

What is the frequency in a sound wave?

A

How fast a wave travels.

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17
Q

What is the measurement Hertz used for?

A

To measure the frequency (How fast a wave travels).

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18
Q

In a sound wave, what shows how loud a sound is?

A

It depends on the amplitude of the sound wave. A higher amplitude is a louder sound.

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19
Q

In a sound wave, what shows how high/low in pitch is a sound?

A

It depends on the wavelength of the sound wave. A longer wavelength is a lower pitched sound.

20
Q

How fast does light travel at in m/s?

A

299 792 458 metres per second

21
Q

What type of surface reflects light?

A

All surfaces reflect light, it just depends on the surface.

22
Q

What is specular reflection?

A

Where the surface is smooth. This makes the light reflect like a mirror.

23
Q

What is diffuse reflection?

A

Where the surface is rough. The light bounces around randomly and is called diffuse scattering.

24
Q

What is the Conservation of Energy?

A

It is a law that states that energy cannot be destroyed or created and it can only be transferred or transformed.

25
Q

What is Energy Efficiency?

A

The ratio of useful energy output to total energy output.

26
Q

What are some examples of things that an energy efficient home would have?

A

Solar panels, Insulation and Double Glazing.

27
Q

What measurement is used to measure energy?

A

Joules (J)

28
Q

How do you measure loudness?

A

In decibels (dB).

29
Q

What is radiation?

A

The transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.

30
Q

How does light travels?

A

Via electromagnetic waves.

31
Q

What is transparent?

A

Glass. When you can see through something.

32
Q

What is translucent?

A

Baking paper. You can see through it but the light is scattered/blurred.

33
Q

What is opaque?

A

Brick wall. You cannot see through it.

34
Q

Who made this flashcard set?

A

Ziming

35
Q

What will you get on your Energy test?

A

At least an 80% if you actually did the flashcards correctly.

36
Q

What can heat energy also be called?

A

Thermal Energy

37
Q

What is colour dispersion?

A

When white light is passed through something it splits into its spectrum of colours.

38
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

The potential energy that is stored when an object has gravity. (A rock being held up)

39
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

The energy stored in an elastic (rubber band). When the rubber band is released it converts the elastic potential energy into kinetic.

40
Q

What is chemical potential energy?

A

The enemy stored in food. When it is broken down by acids it releases energy.

41
Q

What colour has the highest frequency?

A

The colour blue.

42
Q

What colour is refracted the most?

A

Blue light.

43
Q

What does “nm” stand for?

A

Nanometer. There is one billion nanometers in one metre.

44
Q

What are all the non-visible lights in the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

From largest wavelength to smallest:

Radio waves
Microwaves
Infrared
[Visible Light is here]
Ultraviolet
X-rays
Gamma Rays

45
Q

Which way does sound travel from its source?

A

It travels in all directions.

46
Q

What is a light year?

A

The distance it takes light to travel one year.

This is 299792458metres x (60x60x24x365x4+1)=3.781702e+16 metres in 1 year.

Year 8 (8 decks)

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