Adaptations

Question 1

Examples of functional adaptations

Answer 1

• camels make concentrated urine and dry faeces
  = less water loss
• camels tolerate huge changes in body temperature
  =helps cope with changing heat in desert
• late implantation of embryos

Question 2

Structural adaptations

Answer 2

• camel hump on back
  = stores fat
  = thermal insulator in one area
  = heat loss from other areas of body
  = reduce water loss by sweating
• camels have thick coat
  = insulate top of camel from heat of sun
  = reduce sweating
• camels have wide feet
  = prevent sinking into the sand
• arctic fox has fur on soles of feet
  = reduces heat loss of snow and ice
• • arctic fox has small ears
    = reduce surface area
    = reduce heat loss
• cacti have small leaves or no leaves
  = reduces water loss
• cacti have spines
  = protection against other animals

Question 3

Behavioural adaptations

Answer 3

• kangaroo rats nocturnal
  = avoid heat of day
• play dead to avoid predators