explaining ethnic inequalities Flashcards
functionalism
organic analogy - the societal institutions work together like the organs of a body to ensure stability and proper function
functionalism - patternson 1965 host immigrant model
- immigrants coming to uk disturbed the stability and homogeneity
- people in uk were fearful of immigrants not adapting to norms
- claimed hosts were not racists but unsure about changes
host immigrant model - 3 stages
accomodation - minimal adaptation and acceptance
integration - immigrants accepted to socialise outside work
assimilation - complete adaption and acceptance from host country
new right - sewell 1997
hgih proportion of african caribbean boys are raised in lone parent families
- 57% have dependant children
absence of male role model makes young boys vulnerable to peer pressure
marxism - cox 1970
racism is developed by exploiters against exploited
- early capitalism linked to colonialism where racism was used to justify exploiting workers from colonies
marxism - castles and kosack 1973
- immigrants serve as reserve army of labour
- divide and rule describes divide between white and immigrant group working class people
scapegoat: immigrants blamed for social problems to divert attention from capitalism
neo marxsim - miles 1989
increasing numbers of ethnic minorities are entering ranks of professional middle class
- white middle class managers may not accept the fact that they have the same status
weberianism - barron and norris 1979 dual labour market
primary market: high pay, secure - white men dominated
secondary market: low pay, bad conditions - ethnic minority concentrated
- due to racist beliefs and employer discrimination from managers
weberianism - rex and tomlinson 1979
ethnic minorities formed an underclass beneath white working class
- social exclusion
- victims of bad treatment, disadvantage and discrimination
black feminism - brewer 1993
black women suffer disadvantages becuase they are from the working class - intersectionality
- each inequality reinforced other inequalities affecting life chances
black feminism - mirza 1997
black feminists have actively challenged the dominant image of black women as passive victims of racism
black feminsim - connel 2009
link between postcolonial feminism
- gender inequalities causes by colonialism in developing countries are embedded in current attitudes