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PDHPE - Yr 11 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is blood?

A

A combination of plasma and cells that circulate through the entire body

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2
Q

What is the function of blood?

A

To supply essential substances around the body, such as sugars, oxygen and hormones. It also removes waste from the cells in the body.

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3
Q

How many components of blood are there?

A

Four

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4
Q

What are the components of blood?

A

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood, blood, blood, blood cells and platelets

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5
Q

What is plasma?

A

Plasma is 90% water and makes up 55% of blood volume.

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6
Q

What is the function of plasma?

A

Suspense and carries other cells around the body as well as passing fluid from blood to body tissue

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7
Q

What are red blood cells?

A

Red blood cells make up 99% of our blood cells

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8
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

Carrying oxygen to where it is needed in the body and carrying carbon dioxide and metabolic byproducts away from muscles

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9
Q

What is the function of white blood cells?

A

Fighting infection and disease by destroying bacteria

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10
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A

To form, blood clots at damaged tissues, and to prevent infection and blood loss. They also prevent bleeding when muscle tissue is damaged during exercise.

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11
Q

What are the functions of blood?

A

Transport, protection and regulation

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12
Q

What is the function of the heart?

A

To pump blood and distribute oxygen and nutrients throughout the body

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13
Q

What is the right hand side of the heart responsible for?

A

Pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs

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14
Q

What is the left-hand side of the heart responsible for?

A

Pumping, oxygenated blood around the body

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15
Q

What does each side of the heart consist of?

A

An atrium and a ventricle, which are two connected Chambers

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16
Q

Label the heart

A

…

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17
Q

What are arteries?

A

Strong, flexible and resilient, arteries, carry blood away from the heart and bear the highest blood pressures. Because arteries are elastic, they narrow passively when the heart is relaxing between beats and helps maintain blood pressure

18
Q

What are veins?

A

Veins have thin walls and low-pressure and can widen as the amount of fluid in them increases

19
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

To carry deoxygenated blood back from the tissues to the heart

20
Q

What are valves?

A

A bodily structure that closes temporarily to prevent passage of material or allows movement of a fluid in One direction only

21
Q

What are capillaries?

A

Capillaries are the smallest and most numerous of the blood vessels that form the connection between the arteries and veins

22
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

To exchange materials between the blood and tissue cells

23
Q

Why is it difficult for blood in veins to return to the heart?

A

Gravity makes it hard for the blood to travel up, valves help to direct the blood and stop it from going backwards

24
Q

What is pulmonary circulation?

A

Pulmonary circulation Moose Blood between the heart and the lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood, and flows back to the heart.

25
Q

What is systemic circulation?

A

Systemic circulation moves, blood between the heart and the rest of the body

26
Q

What are the functions of the heart?

A

Heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output

27
Q

What is a heart rate?

A

A measure of the number of times the heart beats per minute

28
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood in millilitres ejected from the heart per contraction

29
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

The amount of blood injected by the heart per minute

30
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

The pressure of your blood against the inner walls of your arteries

31
Q

What is diastole and systole?

A

These are the two phases of the cardiac cycle

32
Q

Describe diastole

A

The face of the heart beat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows for the chambers to fill with blood

33
Q

Describe systole

A

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries

34
Q

How is BP expressed?

A

As a measurement with two numbers, like a fraction. The systolic on top and the diastolic on the bottom

35
Q

What does the top number of your blood pressure refer to?

A

The amount of pressure in your arteries during the contraction of your heart muscle

36
Q

What does the bottom number of your blood pressure refer to?

A

Your blood pressure when your heart muscle is between beats

37
Q

What is a normal resting heart rate for adults?

A

Between 60 to 100 bpm

38
Q

What factors can affect your heart rate?

A

Emotions, body temperature, dehydration, lack of sleep, poor nutrition, exercise, illness, medication and weather

39
Q

What units is stroke Volume measured in?

A

mL

40
Q

What is the equation for cardiac output?

A

Heart rate multiplied by stroke volume

41
Q

What is cardiac output measured in?

A

L

PDHPE - Yr 11 (4 decks)

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