Misc Architecture and Design

Question 1

Kevin knows that regression testing is necessary but wants to prevent old versions of code from being re-inserted into new releases. What process should he use to solve this problem?

Answer 1

Version numbering - Kevin should implement a version numbering scheme and make sure that the proper current version of software components is included in new releases and deployments. Developers can still manually reintroduce old code, but version numbering helps to ensure that you have a current version in use

Question 2

Differential backup vs incremental backup

Answer 2

Differential backups backup all of the changes since the last full backup. An incremental backup backs up all changes since the last incremental backup.

Question 3

RAID 5

Answer 3

RAID level 5 is disk striping with distributed parity. It can withstand the loss of any single disk. Disk striping with distributed parity, can handle only one disk failing

Question 4

RAID 0

Answer 4

RAID 0 is disk striping; it does not provide any fault tolerance. If one drive fails, you lose your data. Disk striping, which cannot handle disk failure,

Question 5

RAID 1

Answer 5

RAID 1 is mirroring. It does protect against the loss of a single disk but not with distributed parity

Question 6

RAID 3

Answer 6

RAID 3 is disk striping with dedicated parity. This means a dedicated drive containing all the parity bits. Byte-level striping with dedicated parity and cannot tolerate more than a single drive failing

Question 7

Community cloud

Answer 7

A community cloud presents a compromise measure. Community clouds are semi-private. They aren’t accessible to the general public but only to a small community of specific entities

Question 8

Elliptic curve encryption

Answer 8

Allows the use of a shorter key for the same strength that an RSA key would require, reducing the computational overhead required to encrypt and decrypt data

Question 9

What is the point where false acceptance rate and false rejection rate cross over in a biometric system?

Answer 9

CER. The crossover error rate (CER) is the point where the FAR (false acceptance rate) and the FRR (false rejection rate) cross over. CER provides a means of comparing biometric systems based on their efficiency, with a lower CER being more desirable

Question 10

Stored procedure

Answer 10

Stored procedures are widely used in many database management systems to contain SQL statements. The database administrator (DBA), or someone designated by the DBA, creates the various SQL statements that are needed in that business, and then programmers can simply call the stored procedures.

Question 11

Protected Cable Distribution

Answer 11

Protected cable distribution uses such controls as electrical, electromagnetic, and even acoustic or air pressure sensors to ensure that cables and distribution infrastructure are not accessed, allowing sensitive information to be transmitted in unencrypted form. The U.S. government identifies three options: hardened carrier, alarmed carrier, and continuously viewed protected distribution systems

Question 12

Bcrypt

Answer 12

A key-stretching algorithm

Question 13

Fog (edge) computing

Answer 13

a term coined by Cisco to describe cloud computing at the edge of an enterprise network. The more common term for this is edge computing, but you may encounter both terms. Fog implementations handle significant amounts of computation, communication, and storage activities locally, while also connecting to cloud services to perform some of the work.

Question 14

Transit gateways

Answer 14

transit hubs used to connect VPCs (virtual private clouds) to on-premises networks

Question 15

Homomorphic encryption

Answer 15

can perform computations on the ciphertext without access to the private key that the ciphertext was encrypted with. When the computations are completed, the results are the same as if those computations had been performed against the original plain text.

Question 16

code reuse attack

Answer 16

In a code reuse attack, the attacker executes code that is meant for some other purposes. In many cases, this can be old code that is no longer even used (dead code), even if that code is in a third-party library

Question 17

RAID 6

Answer 17

RAID 6, disk striping with dual parity, uses a minimum of four disks with distributed parity bits. RAID 6 can handle up to two disks failing.

Question 18

NIC teaming

Answer 18

NIC teaming can provide greater throughput by sending traffic through multiple network interface cards (NICs) while also assuring that loss of a card will not cause an outage, thus providing fault tolerance

Question 19

thin clients

Answer 19

computers that do not run their applications and storage from their local drives and instead rely on a remote server