Review questions

Question 1

The application of an anesthetic directly to the body surface to create a localized loss of sensation is referred to as:

Answer 1

topical anesthesia

Question 2

A state in which a patient is aware or unaware of the surroundings but can be easily aroused by a noxious stimulant is referred to as:

Answer 2

sedation

Question 3

A stage of anesthesia that has a sufficient loss of sensitivity to pain and muscle relaxation to allow for the performance of surgery without the pain or movement is:

Answer 3

surgical anesthesia

Question 4

When acting upon the central nervous system, those agents that bind to more than one receptor type, and simultaneously stimulate at least one and block at least one, are referred to as:

Answer 4

agonist- antagonists

Question 5

The appropriate antagonist to use with benzodiazepines is:

Answer 5

flumazenil

Question 6

Which of the following groups of drugs, also referred to as minor tranquilizers, are commonly used for their sedative, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties?

Answer 6

benzodiazepines

Question 7

What purpose does the Murphy’s eye serve on an endotracheal tube?

Answer 7

minimizes the risk of aspyxiation

Question 8

The VT in most anesthetized patients is:

Answer 8

10 ml/kg/min

Question 9

How does a flowmeter set below 100 mL/kg/min affect the concentration of anesthetic in the circuit?

Answer 9

lowers the concentration of anesthetic

Question 10

The risk of fire increases when which of the following is used in close proximity to oxygen sources?

Answer 10

medical laser

Question 11

Which of the following scenarios would lead to the highest level of waste gas contamination?

Answer 11

A bottle of isoflurane is dropped and broken while refilling the vaporizer.

Question 12

Compressed gas cylinders should always be stored in which position?

Answer 12

Vertical and chained/belted

Question 13

A complex that occurs too early is referred to as:

Answer 13

premature complex.

Question 14

The advantage of using an oscillometric blood pressure monitor over a Doppler monitor is:

Answer 14

oscillometric BP monitors determine diastolic pressure and MAP in addition to systolic.

Question 15

Neither the PaO2 nor the SpO2 gives an accurate measure of oxygen if which of the following is present in the patient?

Answer 15

anemia

Question 16

Which of the following is true?

Answer 16

Epinephrine added to the local anesthetic causes constriction of the blood vessels in the area of the injection and decreases the rate of the drug absorption.

Question 17

A patient exhibits signs of severe sympathetic blockade leading to flushing and increased skin temperature. What would be the recommended treatment for this condition?

Answer 17

Intravenous crystalloid fluid administration at a rate of 20 mL/kg for 20 min

Question 18

A complication of an anesthetized animal breathing room air would be:

Answer 18

a decrease in the PaCO2.

Question 19

General duration of action for buprenorphine following intramuscular injection is thought to be:

Answer 19

6-12 hrs

Question 20

The drug that is most similar to oxymorphone in duration and effect is:

Answer 20

hydromorphone

Question 21

Clinical effects of NSAIDs are due to their inhibition of what chemical synthesis within the body?

Answer 21

Prostaglandin

Question 22

The most appropriate drug for IM injection for induction is:

Answer 22

ketamine

Question 23

In general, when compared to the IV dose, the dose of the induction drug for IM use is:

Answer 23

larger

Question 24

While intubating a patient that has been induced with the appropriate amount of injectable induction agent, intubation should take place how quickly in order to keep the patient in the appropriate plane of Stage III?

Answer 24

1-2 min

Question 25

Which of the following may cause a horse brief excitement or loss of sedation during the time period after giving sedation before anesthetic induction?

Answer 25

Moving the animal behind a squeeze gate or into the stocks

Question 26

Which of the following is not a sign of appropriate sedation for standing chemical restraint?

Answer 26

Restlessness without external stimuli

Question 27

Which of the following complications can arise if a horse’s halter is left on during anesthesia?

Answer 27

neuropathy

Question 28

The main anesthetic concern in ruminants is:

Answer 28

regurgitation

Question 29

You have been asked to intubate an adult cow. How is the procedure done?

Answer 29

Manually using a blind technique that includes one hand in the mouth guiding the tube

Question 30

An adult ruminant is intubated and in a surgical stage of anesthesia but begins to breathe rapidly with very shallow respirations. What should be done with this patient?

Answer 30

place on a venitlator

Question 31

What is the approximate total blood volume of a 100-g hamster assuming the patient is hemodynamically stable with circulating blood volume representing 70 mL/kg of body weight?

Answer 31

7.0 ml

Question 32

When attempting to try and illicit a reliable signal for SpO2 on small rodents, the most accurate place is usually the:

Answer 32

hindfoot

Question 33

When treating circulatory failure with blood transfusions in small mammals and rabbits, what is the likelihood of incompatibility during the initial transfusion?

Answer 33

rare

Question 34

When is the largest portion of anesthetic-related deaths likely to occur?

Answer 34

post anesthetic period

Question 35

The proper equation to determine cardiac output (CO), taking into consideration stroke volume (SR) and heart rate (HR), is:

Answer 35

CO = HR × SV.

Question 36

A geriatric patient is defined as one that has reached what percentage of their life expectancy?

Answer 36

75%