Case study UK (AC) Flashcards
1. What is the Climate Change Act of 2008 and its overall commitment?
The Climate Change Act of 2008 is a UK legislation that requires the government by law to develop policies and proposals to meet its carbon budgets. The overall commitment of the Act is to reduce UK emissions of greenhouse gases in 2050 to 100% below 1990 levels. Initially, the government set a 60% reduction target, but it has since increased the target to 100% with a pledge to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. The Act also established the Committee on Climate Change (CCC), an independent advisory body that advises Parliament on necessary actions every year.
- What is the 10-point plan introduced in 2020 as part of the UK’s mitigation strategies?
The UK introduced a 10-point plan in 2020 to outline key mitigation strategies for achieving net zero emissions. The plan includes various initiatives, such as advancing offshore wind to increase electricity generation. The UK is already a leader in offshore wind, aiming to produce 40GW by 2030. Low carbon hydrogen production is another focus, with a target of 5GW capacity by 2030 and the launch of the Net Zero Hydrogen Fund. The plan also emphasizes the importance of nuclear power, with investments in projects like Sizewell C and the Future Nuclear Enabling Fund. The shift to zero-emissions vehicles is a priority, aiming to end the sale of new petrol and diesel cars by 2030, along with investments in public transport, including buses and railways. Other aspects of the plan include addressing aviation emissions, promoting greener buildings, investing in carbon capture usage and storage, protecting the natural environment, and allocating funds for green finance and innovation.
- What are some socio-economic challenges faced in implementing climate change mitigation in the UK?
Implementing climate change mitigation in the UK faces socio-economic challenges. One challenge is the notion that there is no unlimited financial resource available, leading to considerations of economic feasibility and prioritization. While the country has a large GDP and a predominantly low-carbon services and finance-based economy, there are still limitations on funding. Additionally, concerns about increasing debt levels, despite the financial support seen during the COVID-19 pandemic, can impact the scale of investment in mitigation efforts.
- What are some technological challenges related to climate change mitigation in the UK?
Technological challenges are also present in climate change mitigation efforts in the UK. One challenge is the limitation of space for offshore wind installations, as there is a finite area available for these projects. The expansion of offshore wind farms may face constraints due to spatial limitations and potential conflicts with other marine activities.
- What are some political challenges associated with climate change mitigation in the UK?
Political challenges exist in the context of climate change mitigation in the UK. NIMBYism (Not In My Backyard) can hinder the development of onshore wind projects, making it challenging to obtain planning permission. This issue is politically sensitive, particularly for the Conservative Party, as it relies on rural voters for its majority. Additionally, criticisms arise regarding the UK’s responsibility for climate change as it contributes only 1% of global emissions, with arguments suggesting that larger emitters like the USA and China should bear more responsibility. The democratic process can also pose constraints on policy implementation, despite public support for climate change action, as political decisions need to balance various interests and viewpoints.
