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History > Rise to Power > Flashcards

Rise to Power Flashcards

1
Q

Mein Kampf

A

Published in 1925-1926

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2
Q

Munich Putsch

A

1923
Failed miserably

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3
Q

Mein Kampf Promises

A

Get into power legally
End all opposition
Purify Germany
Strengthen Germany’s economy and armed forces
Gain land for Germany
Lead Germany to be a ‘Great Empire’

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4
Q

Obstacles to overcome once reaching chancellor status

A

Hidenburg was more powerful than him
Needed consent to pass laws
Only had 37% of votes
Lots of groups detested their ideals
Power struggles within the Nazi party

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5
Q

1932

A

Nazi won largest number of seats

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6
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

Party leader since 1921
Charismatic speaker
Jailed for Munich Putsch 1923
Wrote Mein Kampf
Central figure in Nazi party

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7
Q

Joseph Goebbels

A

Head of propaganda team
Used simple bold messages
Had deeply anti-semetic views
Portrayed Hitler as God-like

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8
Q

Wilhelm Frick

A

Long standing member of the party
Given roles in cabinet in 1933
Minister of overall aspects of life in Germany
Helped to shape racial policy

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9
Q

Ernst Rohm

A

Leader of SA
Originally set up as bodyguards but became private army
Used to intimidate voters
Physically attacked communists

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10
Q

Herman Goring

A

Ex-WWI fighter pilot
Joined German cabinet with Frick and Hitler
Controlled police in Prussia
Formed the Gestapo

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11
Q

Rudolph Hess

A

Another ex-WWI hero
Third in power to Hitler
Ensured legislations followed Nazi ideology
Made sure everyone had the same goals

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12
Q

Heinrich Himmler

A

Leader of SS
Names as the elite guard
Ran concentration camps
Spied on German citizens

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13
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Servery restricted German forces
Reduced German territories
Imposed a bill of £6.6 billion

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14
Q

Weimar Republic

A

Grim years for German people
Citizens blame them for their hardship
Economy struggled
Resulted in great depression
Unemployment was high and wages were low

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15
Q

Nazi Ideas

A

Scrap the Treaty of Versailles
Brat ad Arbeit (Bread and work)
Destroy Marxism (Communism)
Subdue the Jews
Ensure Arayan Supremacy
Fight for Lebensraum (living space)
Build Nationalism
Strengthens Central Government
Nationalise important industries
Improve education

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16
Q

Reichstag Fire

A

27th February 1933
Committed by Van Der Lubbe (Dutch Communist)

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17
Q

Consequences of Reichstag FIre

A

Van Der Lubbe was executed
Passed the Reichstag Fire Decree
4000+ communists arrested in that week
Banned all communist meetings (Elections weeks later)

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18
Q

Reichstag Fire Decree

A

Restricted civil liberties- no privacy in post etc…
Increased power of central government
Harsh punishments for certain crimes
Stated decree was passed that day

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19
Q

The Enabling Act

A

24th March 1933
Allowed Nazis to pass laws without consent from the Reich
Debating chamber surrounded with SA so 444 members voted to pass it
Disabled democracy

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20
Q

Steps of Gaining Power

A

1- Removing Communists
2- removing German Democracy
3- Gleichschaltung
4- Removing Opposition

21
Q

Civil Service Act

A

Many high-ranking civil servants were removed
7th April- Act for the restoration of the professional civil service
(Civil service Act)
Fired anyone who opposed Nazis or wasn’t Arayan

22
Q

Encouragement of antisemitism

A

First legislations removed Jews from public life
1 April 1933- A day long boycott from all Jewish businesses
First of many
Stopped ‘Jewish activity’ in medical professions

23
Q

Book Burning

A

Wanted to change people’s ideas
Encourages by propaganda ministry
10 May 1933- burned 25,000 non-German books

24
Q

The Use of Terror

A

Put wrath of SS and SA on political opponents
Killed 600 and arrested over 100,000 in 1933
Kopenick (week of blood) - arrested 500, killed 91

25
Q

Trades Unions

A

Lots against Nazi ideals
Organised a strike and main leaders were arrested
Goebbels promised national holiday on 1st May
2nd May 1933 - Trade unions offices were raided
Assets placed under Nazi control

26
Q

Political Parties

A

Began complaining about Nazis
10th May- Nazis claimed corrupt use of SD funds
June 21st- Frick used emergency decree to ban them
14th July 1933- Act to Ban New Parties

27
Q

Central Government Power

A

Act of Reconstruction of the state
Removed power of local governments

28
Q

People’s Court

A

April 1934- Act to set up the People’s Court
Dealt with political offences
Ensured fast response
Death penalties rose rapidly

29
Q

Cause of night of long knives

A

Ernst Rohm wanted SA to replace German Army
SS became increasingly violent
Rohm planned Hitler’s downfall

30
Q

The Night of the Long Knives

A

30th June 1934
SA instructed to go to a hotel for a meeting and then arrested
Rohm given option of suicide but said no
Murdered 2 days later
Total of 85 murdered

31
Q

Consequences of night of long knives

A

Power of SA was reduced
The loyalty of the army was secured
The Nazis gained a strange legal ability to murder
A culture of fear was created
Himmler established himself and his loyalty

32
Q

Hindenburg death

A

1st August - Act Concerning Head of State#
Chancellor and President power combined called Fuhrer
2nd August - Hindenburg dies

33
Q

SS

A

Lead by Himmler
Kept small (52,000 in 1933)
Easier to control
1936 Himmler became head chief of all German Police

34
Q

SD

A

Became secret service in 1938
Identified actual or possible threats
Showed no signs of being fanatical Nazis

35
Q

Reinhard Heydrich

A

Leader of SD
Describes as having an iron heart
By 1934 also head of Gestapo
1936- Assistant director of German Police

36
Q

The Gestapo

A

Most infamous in Nazi terror
Originally the Prussian police
15,000 people watching 66 million

37
Q

Police

A

Provided with better funding
1936- Under control of SS
Became important in terror

38
Q

Judges and Courts

A

Had to swear an oath to Hitler
Punishments became more severe
Offences punishable by death
1933—————-> 1943
3 ———————> 46

39
Q

Concentration Camps (early)

A

70 camps in 1933
Imprisoned 45,000 political opponents
Run by SA
Extreme conditions so closed in end of 1933
Numbers dropped to 7,500

40
Q

Concentration Camps (later)

A

Theodor Eicke was appointed to bring order
1937 - 69 deaths at Dachau (7 times more than previous year)
New groups sent (work shy, religious opponents, Jews)
Start of war, 21,000 prisoners

41
Q

Nazi Propaganda Methods

A

Newspapers
Radio
Rallies
Posters
Berlin Olympics
Film

42
Q

Newspapers

A

Closed opposing views down
Printed new newspapers with antisemetic views
Journalists forced to join Reich association

43
Q

Radio

A

Best way to spread a message
Mostly played Nazi speeches and German music
By 1939, 70% of people had radios
Had limited range

44
Q

Rallies

A

Emphasised strength of Nazis
1934 rally was the largest- 30,000 swastika flags hung

45
Q

Posters

A

Placed across Germany
Clear message through visual means

46
Q

Berlin Olympics

A

1936
Antisemetic signs were taken down
All Arayan German team won
Jesse Owens was the top performer and was African American

47
Q

Film

A

Limited imports of foreign films
Only 10% films were political

48
Q

Film

A

Limited imports of foreign films
Only 10% films were political

History (11 decks)

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