what is crime and deviance

Question 1

what is crime

Answer 1

A action or behaviour
that goes against the
legislation of a
particular country or
state.

Question 2

what is deviance

Answer 2

Actions which go
against the norms and
values of a society.
These may not be
against the law but
are frowned upon by
most in society.

Question 3

what is social construction

Answer 3

A social phenomena
which is not naturally
occurring but created
by the society in
which it is found.

Question 4

what are 4 examples of ways in which crime and deviance can be socialised constructed. Explain…

Answer 4

1. Age- some activities are illegal for certain age groups
2. Contextually- some behaviours that are acceptable in certain situations would not be in others.
3. Historically- change in laws and social norms
4. Culturally- What is considered acceptable or rude varies depending on the culture you are in.

Question 5

who talks about material deprivation

Answer 5

BOWLBY

Question 6

what does Bowlby say about material deprivation

Answer 6

BOWLBY - People who are
deprived of a mothers love as a
young infant are more likely to
become juvenile delinquents
which leads to a criminal career.

Question 7

who talks about personality traits

Answer 7

FREUD

Question 8

what does FREUD say about personality traits

Answer 8

Id, Ego and Super-Ego.
Personality is a balance for three
unconscious areas and when
these are out of balance in
favour of the Id, criminal
behaviour occurs as the
individual is controlled by basic
desires

Question 9

what is mental abnormality

Answer 9

This idea suggests that there is
some sort of brain damage or
mental illness suffered by
criminals, which makes them
commit crimes.

Question 10

list 3 psychological explanations for why people commit crime

Answer 10

1. mental abnormality
2. material deprivation
3. persoanlity traits

Question 11

list 2 biological explanations for my people commit crime

Answer 11

1. Lombroso
2. Genetics

Question 12

what did Lombroso do?

Answer 12

Went into Italian prisons and
measured the facial features of
criminals. He suggested that
criminals were a less evolved
human and this was shown in
certain features such as large
foreheads, big ears, small eyes.

Question 13

how can genetics make an individual more likely to commit crime

Answer 13

The Warrior Gene (MAOA) is
present in all humans but in
some the gene gets mutated
which has been linked to more
aggressive behaviour, risk taking
and impulsiveness which can all
be linked to criminal behaviour.