reaction rates

Question 1

reaction to happen

Answer 1

reactions must collide in correct orientation with minimum kinetic energy

Question 2

rate of reaction

Answer 2

change of conc/ amount of reactant or product per unit of time

Question 3

rate

Answer 3

amount of reactant used or product made divided by time

Question 4

boltzmon temp

Answer 4

particles have more ke when heated so a larger proportion of molecules have energy greater than activation energy
curve shifts right and a lower peak
area under curve beyond activation energy increases

Question 5

Temperature

Answer 5

as temp increases particles move around more and collide more often
faster more collisions and more energetic collisions
small incr in temp
large incr in rate

Question 6

pressure

Answer 6

pressure increases the rate of reaction increases
particles are closer together and collide more often
more frequent collisions and a higher change of reaction

Question 7

conc

Answer 7

conc increases the rate of reaction increases
particles are closer together so collide more often
more frequent collisions and a higher chance of reaction

Question 8

catalysts

Answer 8

make products faster and a lower temperature required for a reaction

Question 9

heterogeneous catalyst

Answer 9

different phase or state to reactants
increased surface area of heterogeneous so, increases rate of reaction
more particles can react with catalyst at the same time

Question 10

homogenous

Answer 10

same phase as reactants usually a gas in gas reactants
form intermediate species by reactants combining with catalysts which react to form products
catalyst reform again

Question 11

why use catalyst

Answer 11

lower the temp needed for a reaction to proceed so less money spent and less co2 produced
change the properties of products

Question 12

catalyst environmental benefits

Answer 12

lower temp and pressure required so reduce energy and co2 produced
less waste eg instead of producing product via 5 steps 2 steps needed instead

Question 13

catalytic converters

Answer 13

in cars reduce pollution levels
made from rhodium platinum and palladium alloy
2co+2no 2co2 +N2

Question 14

how can rate be measured in experiments

Answer 14

how long it takes for precipate to form but its difficult to know when exactly the cross disappears
volume of gas produced using gas syringe over period of time
amount of mass lost
place reaction on balance and measure the mass lost of gas