Organelle Functions Flashcards
Cell membrane/plasma membrane (AKA PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER):
CLUB BOUNCER OF THE CELL – DETERMINES WHAT COMES IN AND WHAT LEAVES
How does the cell membrane determine what comes and leaves?
a) Physical barrier
b) Selectively permeable boundary
c) Electrochemical gradients: establishes and maintains electrical charge difference across membrane
d) Communication: contains receptors that recognize and respond to molecular signals
Mitochondria:
POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL; MEMBRANE-BOUND; ENERGY PRODUCTION FOR ATP
Ribosomes:
NON-MEMBRANE-BOUND; CAN BE BOUND TO ROUGH ER; COMPOSED OF RIBOSOMAL RNA AND PROTEINS; BOUND RIBOSOMES CREATES PROTEINS THAT NEED TO GO OUT OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE; FREE RIBOSOMES CREATE PROTEINS FOR USE WITHIN THE CELL
Centrosomes:
NON-MEMBRANE BOUND; ORGANIZE MICROTUBULES AND SUPPORTS THEIR GROWTH IN NONDIVIDING CELLS
Golgi apparatus:
MEMBRANE-BOUND; CREATES VESICLES FOR PLASMA MEMBRANE; MODIFIES AND STORES PROTEINS FORMED FROM ROUGH ER; HAS TWO FACES
What are the 2 faces of the golgi apparatus and what do they do?
CIS-FACE: RECEIVES VESTICLES FROM ROUGH ER; TRANS-FACE: TRANSPORTS VESCILES
Rough ER:
MEMBRANE-BOUND; CREATES PROTEINS AND TRANSPORTED AND STORED WITHIN THE ROUGH ER; CREATES VESICLES FOR GOLGI APPARATUS
Smooth ER:
MEMBRANE-BOUND; DETOX OF DRUG/ALCOHOL; CREATES VESICLES FOR GOLGI APPARATUS
Nucleus:
NON-MEMBRANE BOUND; STORES DNA THAT GIVE INSTURCTION FOR THE CREATION OF PROTEINS; MAKES RIBOSOMAL SUBUNITS IN NUCLEOLUS WHICH ARE GIVEN TO CYTOPLASM FOR MAKING RIBOSOMES
Lysosome:
MEMBRANE-BOUND; BREAKS DOWN MOLECULES WITHIN VESICLES; REMOVES DAMAGED ORGANELLES; HAS A LOT OF ENZYMES; BREAKS DOWN CELLULAR COMPONENTS FOLLOWING AUTOLYSIS
Peroxisome:
MEMBRANE-BOUND; BREAK DOWN MOLECULES WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Proteasome:
MEMBRANE-BOUND; DIGEST DAMAGED/UNEEDED PROTEINS; CONTROL QUALITY OF EXPORTED CELL PROTEINS
Glycocalyx:
THICK OUTER COVERING OF PLASMA MEMBRANE; CELL-CELL RECOGNITION
