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PE Paper 3 > ethics and deviance in sport > Flashcards

ethics and deviance in sport Flashcards

1
Q

what is deviance

A

behaviour that differs from the norms and values of sport

usually driven by ‘win at all costs’ attitude

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2
Q

what is violence

A

physical force with the intention of harming an individual, group or property

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3
Q

drugs and doping

A

substances used to improve/change human performance

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4
Q

gambling in sport

A

fixture or competition played to a pre-determined result

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5
Q

who bans drugs

A

world anti doping agency

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6
Q

why are some drugs banned

A

they are performance enhancing

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7
Q

ped: hgh

A

-inc bone, muscle and cartilage growth
-occurs naturally in the body
-improved power and strength

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8
Q

ped: anabolic steroids

A

forms of testosterone
-stimulates muscle growth and aggression

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9
Q

ped: beta blockers

A

-control hr and calm nerves
-used with fine motor skills

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10
Q

ped: epo

A

-occurs naturally and controls red blood cell production
-synthetic version of hormone inc o2 carrying capacity
-improved endurance

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11
Q

ped: blood doping

A

removing blood from body and red blood cells re-transfused before event
-inc red blood cells
-inc endurance

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12
Q

ped: diuretics

A

-rapid weight loss by inc water expelled
-masking agent to flush illegal drugs or dilute them

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13
Q

legal: creatine

A

improves recovery of ATP/PC system

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14
Q

legal: caffeine

A

-helps train harder and longer
-clearer thinking and greater concentration

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15
Q

legal: bicarbonate/soda loading

A

-help buffer effects of lactic acid

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16
Q

legal: carb replenishment

A

-aid energy replenishment
-powders, gells, sports drinks, carb loading

17
Q

legal: glucosamine

A

-maintaining cartilage

18
Q

recovery formulas

A

-eg protein powder
-speeds up recovery and /or make it more effective
-eg muscle growth

19
Q

advantages of legal supplements

A

-improve general health and sporting performance
-inc duration of sports performance

20
Q

disadvantages of legal supplements

A

-some don’t do what they say

-health implications from taking supplements for prolonged period of time on digestive system

-high sugar sweets lead to decay

21
Q

physiological reasons for drug use

A

-improve performance by altering the body physically

22
Q

social reasons for drug use

A

-pressure from coach, peer, country, politics
-everyone is doing it
-think they won’t get caught
-win at all costs attitude
-state sponsored programmes

23
Q

psychological reasons for drug use

A

-improve performance through altering brain function

24
Q

consequences of drug use for performer

A

improved performance
-unfair advantage

physiological health
-addiction, health problems

psychological health
-mental health, mood swings, aggression, depression

punishment
-law breaking, banned, lose medals

reputation
-ruined career and name

25
Q

consequences of drugs on sport

A

values
-challenges the concept of fair play

sponsors
-loss of sponsors for ‘tainted’ sport and bad image

lowered participation
-negative image and children don’t participate

lowered public support
-choose not to spectate and fund the sport

false records/results
-unfair advantage and not always caught

26
Q

consequences of drugs on society

A

negative role models
-effect on society and value of healthy lifestyles

reflection on society
-shows society as ‘win at all costs’ and reflection of corrupt society with unethical citizens

implement ban
-society may have to make rules to ban all athletes using drugs

legalise/accept drugs
-could make drug use legal

drug testing
-enable effective testing to be developed.

27
Q

strategies to stop illegal drug use

A

stricter punishment
-life bans, loss of prize/money/sponsorship , loss of medals

improved testing
-stricter, random, regular and out of season

education
-coaches and performers, health dangers and legal issues

legalisation

research and inc funding
-new drug detecting methods

use of role models
-encourage drug free sport, ‘name and shame’

28
Q

what is violence in sport

A

intense physical force that is directed towards harming an individual or group or property

player and spectator violence

29
Q

causes of player and spectator violence

A

frustration
-with referee decisions, score, performance

importance of game/results
-monetary reward, cup match, league position decider, derby

30
Q

causes of player violence

A

provoked/retaliation
-by opponent, teammates, crowd abuse, racism, violence on pitch copied

nature of game
-contact sports, rules encourage violence

dehumanising weapons and kit
-protective gear, equipment that can be used as weapons, eg hockey stick

drugs
-testosterone, ‘roid rage’ from steroids

31
Q

causes of spectator violence

A

alcohol/social drugs
-people lose their inhibitions, become more brave

poor spectator provision
-overcrowding, poor stewarding, poor policing

hooligans
-organised violence, looking for a fight, outlet of ‘energy’

deindividualisation
-loose sense of individual identity in crowd, diminished responsibility can cause violence when you usually wouldn’t be

imitating violence on the pitch

32
Q

solutions to player violence

A

rule changes
-minimise violent situations in sport, eg no high tackles

punishment
-make disciplinary process sever, match bans as deterrent, legal action where appropriate

education
-fair play, role of role models, negative effect of violence, control emotions and stress

more effective officiating
-maintain control of game, catch violent acts, qualified officials

technology
-fairer outcomes reduce frustration, catch foul play

coaches
-encourage a philosophy of assertive behaviour rather than violence

33
Q

solutions to spectator violence

A

stricter punishment
-remove season tickets, legal action

control of alcohol
-searches at gates, ban alcohol, early kick of time

improve spectator facilities
-all seated stadiums, separation of fans

use of cctv/ cameras
-spot incidents, record evidence

liaison with law enforcement
-share info, banning orders for home and abroad fixtures

promotion as family entertainment
-use of family sections within crowd, children based entertainment like mascots

34
Q

gambling in sport

A

-dates back to pre-industrial britain, biggest in football
-bet on overall outcome or individual performances
-now globalised through internet
-players banned from gambling
-betting companies sponsor sport
-illegal to fix a match

35
Q

advantages of gambling on sport

A

-financial benefits to people involved with success
-offer big sponsorship deals in sport
-adds excitement

36
Q

disadvantages of gambling on sport

A

-rise in illegal betting in sport
-cause corruption through match fixing
-players gain gambling problems
-cause debt/addiction
-negative image
-growth of industry makes it easier to partake

PE Paper 3 (9 decks)

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