STUDY THIS HARDER

Question 1

What is the nature of men offending?

Answer 1

The nature of men offending refers to characteristics commonly observed in me involvement in criminal behaviour

Question 2

What is the nature of women offending?

Answer 2

The nature of women offending is the influence of economic necessity, substance abuse, social, domestic violence

Question 3

Attrition

Answer 3

Process by which acts become defined as criminal

Question 4

Cyber-trespass

Cyber- deception

Cyberpornography

Cyber violence

Answer 4

1. unathorised access to someone’s online computer
   By passing the persons security
2. Phishing = sending out fraudulent emails
   Frauds
   Scams
3. Cyber pornography = illegal images online
4. Cyber violence = bullying online

Question 5

What is social control theory?

Answer 5

Focuses on the social factors and mechanisms that influence an individual’s decision to engage in criminal behavior or conform to societal norms.

Question 6

What is biological theory?

Answer 6

Explores the influence of biological factors in criminal behaviour such as genetics

Question 7

What were Becerrias three characters for a punishment to have a detterrent effect

Answer 7

Certainty leads to how likely the offender will be punished.

Severity means how much pain is inflicted.

Celerity how quickly punishment is inflicted.

Question 8

What is classical theory?

Answer 8

It is the different approach to how society should manage crime

Question 9

What is psychology positivism

Answer 9

explores the role of pyschology factors such as personalities traits, mental traits, social disorders

Question 10

What is stigmisation?

Answer 10

Is giving someone great disapproval in a certain way

Question 11

What is self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 11

This is a false definition of a situation leaving the offender feeling degraded and judged

Question 12

What are the three types identified by weber?

Answer 12

Traditional Authority - it is belief that authority are inherent in certain people due to their status
Charismatic authority - is based on the personal qualities of the ruler
Legal-rational authority- is based on system of rule

Question 13

What is cardinal proportionality

Answer 13

a question of the overall scale

Question 14

What is ordinal proportionality

Answer 14

concerns the need to rank the seriousness of the crime based on the seriousness

Question 15

What is ‘just desserts’?

Answer 15

Offenders are free willed and can be held morally accountable for their actions

Question 16

What is police descretion

Answer 16

is authrotiy that the police offers follow when and how to enforce the law

Question 17

What is police culture

Answer 17

The police officers, set of rules, behaviour when in the office

Question 18

cryptanalysis

Answer 18

is the study of breaking or analyzing codes to gain oringinal documents

Question 19

What is deviancy amplification spiral?

Answer 19

A constant loop of reporting behaviour leading to a moral panic.