Jacqueline Moreschi - Copy of Chapter 15 Urbanization of America.doc

Question 1

1. What is the movement of people from rural areas to the cities called?

Answer 1

Urbanization

Question 2

2. What term describes a chain of metropolitan areas?

Answer 2

Megalopolis

Question 3

3. What five major cities make up the northeastern chain of metropolitan areas?

Answer 3

Boston
New York City
Philadelphia
Baltimore
5 Washington DC

Question 4

4. What was one of the main reasons why American cities grew exponentially during the late 1800s?

Answer 4

Immigration

Question 5

5. For what three reasons did immigrants come to settle in America?

Answer 5

Unemployment
Religious freedom
Political freedom

Question 6

6. Where in the United States were European immigrants processed when they first arrived?

Answer 6

Ellis Island

Question 7

What continent did the second largest number of immigrants come from during
this period?

Answer 7

asia

Question 8

8. Where in the United States were most immigrants from this continent processed when they first arrived?

Answer 8

San Francisco (Angel Island)

Question 9

9. Where did immigrants feel most comfortable living when they settled down in the United States?

Answer 9

Ethnic neiborhoods

Question 10

10. What do you call the process of immigrants adopting the customs, religion, and most importantly, the native language of America?

Answer 10

Assimilation
2. Americanization

Question 11

11. What is the United States referred to as because of its very diverse ethnic populations?

Answer 11

Melting Pot

Question 12

12. What movement was started by natural born citizens of the United States who opposed immigration to the United States?

Answer 12

Nativism

Question 13

13. What term means having a fear of foreigners?

Answer 13

Xenophobia

Question 14

14. For what two reasons did these people oppose immigration?

Answer 14

Jobs
They didn’t want American Culture to change

Question 15

15. What ethnic group was significantly subjected to this movement after the Civil War?

Answer 15

Asians

Question 16

16. What law did the federal government pass in 1882 to limit the numbers of this ethnic group living in the United States?

Answer 16

The Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 17

17. What two things did this law prohibit?

Answer 17

1. Chinese Immigration to America
2. Didn’t allow Asians to become U.S. citizens

Question 18

18. What type of office buildings did urban planners promote the building of in order to conserve space?

Answer 18

Skyscrapers

Question 19

19. What type of residential buildings were constructed in the cities to accommodate a growing class of poor citizens, most of whom were recently arrived immigrants?

Answer 19

Tenements

Question 20

20. What improvement in city transportation made horse-drawn cars become obsolete?

Answer 20

Railroads

Question 21

21. What is this period of rapid economic and population growth known as?

Answer 21

Gilded age

Question 22

Gilded age

Answer 22

Gold on the outside cheap material on the inside

Question 23

23. What was the positive side of this period?

Answer 23

All the growth

Question 24

25. What is the application of Darwin’s theory of evolution to people and society called?

Answer 24

social darwinism

Question 25

26. What did Spencer essentially say about weak and unfit people?

Answer 25

That they are out of luck

Question 26

27. What philosophy did Social Darwinists support, which promoted self-reliance and independence?

Answer 26

Individualism

Question 27

28. Explain how Naturalism differed from Individualism.

Answer 27

Naturalism was saying some people failed in life simply because they were caught up in circumstances that they could not control.

Question 28

29. What was “The Gospel of Wealth”?

Answer 28

A book that was written by Andrew Carrnegie