7% Psychosocial Issues (EBIG chapters 12 and 13)

Question 1

Characterize some co-occuring brain injuries and psychiatric illnesses and crisis events

Answer 1

Integration of psychiatric & psychological services into rehabilitation programming can ensure treatment for individuals with co-occurring psychiatric disorders who might otherwise have been excluded from rehabilitation due to the dual diagnosis problems

Question 2

Depression after TBI

Answer 2

Self awareness plays a role in depression. Serotonin levels are linked to depression. Depression alone tends to relate to the left hemisphere injury.

Question 3

Define organic personality disorder

Answer 3

the traditional diagnosis for individuals who develop personaility disorders following TBI.
23% of those with TBI have personality disorder

Question 4

What are some changes that fall into the category of personality disorder?

Answer 4

Apathy
Affective lability
Uncontrolled emotions
Aggression

Question 5

Define pseudobulbar affect (Kyle)

Answer 5

a neurological condition involving involuntary, sudden, and frequent episodes of laughing or crying
5%-48% of people with TBI have PBA

Question 6

Describe a substance use disorder (SUD)

Answer 6

involves continued use despite health, psychological, or social consequences

Question 7

Prevalence of SUD

Answer 7

If an individual misused alcohol or other drugs prior to injury the risk is 10 times higher.
Up to two thirds of people in rehabilitation had history of a TBI and substance misuse.
Children with TBI before age 5 are more likely to develop a SUD

Question 8

Screening tools for SUD

Answer 8

Open-ended questions
Reflective listening
Standardized assessment tools: CAGE, AUDIT, CRAFFT, ASSIST

Question 9

Describe CAGE

Answer 9

C= have you ever felt like you should Cut down on your drinking?
A= Have people Annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
G= Have you ever felt bad or Guilty about your drinking?
E= Have you ever had a drink first thing in the morning to steady your nerves? (Eye opener)

Question 10

What are some deficits affecting treatment for SUD?

Answer 10

People with cognitive deficits are more likely to drop out of treatment early due to problems developing rapport.
Be aware that unawareness of deficits can arise as a result of specific damage to the brain and may not always be due to denial.

Question 11

TBI and SUD

Answer 11

Having a tbi relates to increased issues with substance misuse
Increased severity
Earlier age of first substance use
Higher likelihood of other disoders