Stalin's Russia (1924-41) RETAIN POWER (2)

Question 1

What forms of Propaganda were used

Answer 1

• slogans
• cult of Stalin
• media
• the arts
• censorship
• New Soviet Man

Question 2

Slogans / Icons

Answer 2

used portraits / statues and newspapers to spread ideology

Question 3

Cult of Stalin

Answer 3

seen as a modest peasant man in portraits

‘Stalin is the Lenin of today’ (1924)
‘Tsaritsyn’ - Stalingrad (1923)

Question 4

Media

Answer 4

propagandised Pravda and Izvestiya
promoted 5-year-plans

Question 5

Children

Answer 5

better access to HE
created organisations - Komsomol - Little Octobrists
acted as informants
(membership x5 1929-41)

Question 6

the Arts (painters)

Answer 6

promoted the ‘little man’
Society of Easel painters
discouraged deviating trends - Jazz

Question 7

Workers

Answer 7

Stakhanov - model worker
productive workers = rewarded

Question 8

football

Answer 8

Dynamo + Spartak

Question 9

Film and Cinema

Answer 9

promoted economic policies
Council of People’s Commissars = ‘socialist realism’
depicts peasants / workers as heroes

Question 10

Censorship

Answer 10

1932 = all literary groups replaced by Union of Soviet Writers
‘engineers of the soul’
radio airwaves distorted

Question 11

NSM

Answer 11

glorification of the Russian worker
model citizen

Question 12

Repression

Answer 12

• Police
• NKVD
• show trials
• purges

Question 13

police

Answer 13

police state - OGPU
Not as brutal as Cheka - removed by Kamenev
yet still instilled fear

Question 14

NKVD

Answer 14

used to combat opposition to Stalin
Yagoda - Yezhov - Beria
collected false evidence on political rivals
20,000 purged internally

Question 15

show trials

Answer 15

public trials of political rivals
almost immediately executed

Question 16

Purges (1930s)

Answer 16

1930s = critics not just removed from posts but now the party
arbitrary arrests - fake trials - mass executions - forced labour

Question 17

Purges (post 1930s)

Answer 17

attacked those who failed to effectively implement economic policy
1/10 removed

many politburo members removed - Kirov - (1934)

by 1934 = 1108/1996 members executed

Question 18

Gulags

Answer 18

40 million sent by NKVD
policy of elimination rather than displacement