Digestive System

Question 1

Essential Nutrients

Answer 1

Question 2

Stages of Digestion

Answer 2

Question 3

Mouth

Answer 3

Question 4

Oesophagus

Answer 4

Question 5

Stomach

Answer 5

Question 6

Accessory Organs

Answer 6

Question 7

Small Intestine

Answer 7

Question 8

Large Intestine

Answer 8

Question 9

Digestive Enzymes

Answer 9

Question 10

Villi

Answer 10

• Small finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine
• Villi, is coated with a fluid containing digestive enxymes, epithelial cells have tiny projections called microvilli.
• Villi has rich blood supply, nutrients diffuse from small intestine into blood, villi has thickness of one epithelial cell, small difussion path increases rate of nutrients moving into blood. Blood vessels inside villi carry nutrients away from small intestine
• Concentration gradient is maintained by blood moving away from small intestine.

Question 11

Duodenum

Answer 11

The first part of the small intestine. It connects to the stomach. The duodenum helps to further digest food coming from the stomach. It absorbs nutrients (vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins) and water from food so they can be used by the body.

Question 12

How enzymes break down nutrients

Answer 12

Enzyme concentration: Increasing enzyme concentration will speed up the reaction, as long as there is substrate available to bind to. Once all of the substrate is bound, the reaction will no longer speed up, since there will be nothing for additional enzymes to bind to.

Question 13

Chemical v Mechanical Digestion

Answer 13

Question 14

Coeliac Disease

Answer 14

Villi increase the surface area of your gut and help it to digest food more effectively. However, in coeliac disease, the damage and inflammation to the lining of the gut flattens the villi, reducing their ability to help with digestion.