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Digestion And Absorption > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

human digestive system consists of the _______________ and _____________

A

alimentary canal
associated glands

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2
Q

alimentary canal begins with anterior opening _______ and opens out to the posterior opening __________

A

mouth
anus

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3
Q

mouth leads to which cavity

A

oral or buccal

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4
Q

oral cavity has

A

a number of teeth and a muscular tongue

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5
Q

each tooth is embedded in a socket of jaw bone, this type of attachment is called

A

thecodont

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6
Q

two sets of teeth in lifetime, this type of dentition is called

A

diphyodont

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7
Q

having different types of teeth, this type of dentition is called

A

heterodont

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8
Q

number of teeth in adult human

A

32

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9
Q

types of teeth in adult human

A

incisors
canine
premolars
molars

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10
Q

dental formula of human

A

2123/2123

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11
Q

the hard chewing surface of the teeth, made up of _______, helps in the mastication of food

A

enamel

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12
Q

tongue is a freely movable muscular organ attached to the floor of the oral cavity by the

A

frenulum

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13
Q

upper surface of the tongue has small projections called __________, some of which bear taste buds

A

papillae

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14
Q

oral cavity leads into a short ________ which serves as a common passage for food and air

A

pharynx

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15
Q

the _________ and the __________ open up into the pharynx

A

oesophagus
trachea (wind pipe)

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16
Q

a cartilaginous flap called _______ prevents entry of food in the ________ (opening of wind pipe) during swallowing

A

epiglottis
glottis

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17
Q

the oesophagus passing through the _______, _______ and _______ leads to the J-shaped bag like structure called ______

A

neck
thorax
diaphragm
stomach

18
Q

which sphincter regulates the opening of oesophagus into the stomach

A

gastro-oesophageal

19
Q

where is stomach located in the abdominal cavity

A

upper left portion

20
Q

three major parts of stomach

A

fundic region
cardiac portion
pyloric portion

21
Q

into which part of stomach does oesophagus open

A

cardiac region

22
Q

which part of stomach opens into the first small part of small intestine

A

pyloric portion

23
Q

small intestine is distinguishable into which three regions

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

24
Q

opening of stomach into the duodenum is guarded by which sphincter

A

pyloric

25
Q

which part of small intestine opens up into the large intestine

A

ileum

26
Q

large intestine is divided into which three parts

A

caecum
colon
rectum

27
Q

_______ is a small blind sac which contains symbiotic micro-organisms

A

caecum

28
Q

a narrow finger-like tubular projection, the vermiform ___________, which is a vestigial organ arises from the ________

A

appendix
caecum

29
Q

the colon of large intestine is divided into three parts

A

ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon

30
Q

descending colon opens up into rectum which opens up into the ________

A

anus

31
Q

four layers of alimentary canal from outward to inward

A

serosa
muscularis
sub-mucosa
mucosa

32
Q

serosa is the outermost layer of alimentary canal and is made up of _________ and some ____________

A

mesothelium
connective tissue

33
Q

what is mesothelium

A

epithelium of visceral organs

34
Q

muscularis is formed by _____________ usually arranged in outer __________ and inner __________ layer
an _______ layer may be present in some regions

A

smooth muscles
longitudinal
circular
oblique

35
Q

sub-mucosa is formed of ________________________ containing ___________________

A

loose connective tissue
nerves, blood and lymph vessels

36
Q

in duodenum, ________ are also present in sub-mucosa

A

glands

37
Q

mucosa formes irregular folds called ________ in the ________ and small finger-like foldings called ________ in the ___________

A

rugae
stomach
villi
small intestine

38
Q

cells lining the villi produce numerous projections called _________ giving a brush border appearance
these modifications increase __________ enormously

A

microvilli
surface area

39
Q

villi are supplied with a network of ___________ and a large lymph vessel called _______

A

capillaries
lacteal

40
Q

mucosa has _______ cells which secrete mucus that helps in ____________

A

goblet
lubrication

41
Q

mucosa also forms glands in the stomach called _____________ and crypts in between the bases of villi in the intestine called ________________

A

gastric glands
crypts of lieberkuhn

Digestion And Absorption (6 decks)

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