terminologies

Question 1

have the smallest number of character change, have the least evolutionary step

Answer 1

parsimony

Question 2

it is an organism shared by 2 or more descendant lineage

Answer 2

ancestor

Question 3

is a group of organism at any hierarchical rank such as family, genus, or species

collection of one or more group of species

Answer 3

taxon

Question 4

shows where the branches or lineages diverge

represents speciation event

Answer 4

node

Question 5

straight line that connects everything that represents period of time between generation

Answer 5

branch

Question 6

the base of the tree, it represents the most common ancestor of all the taxa represented on the tree

Answer 6

root

Question 7

a taxa that shares a common ancestor , branching off from the same node

closely related to each other than the other taxa

Answer 7

sister taxa

Question 8

an evolutionary group that includes an ancestor and all of its descendants

Answer 8

clade

Question 9

any group outside of this clade, or taxa that diverged earlier than the taxa w/in the clade

Answer 9

outgroup

Question 10

a lineage that evolved early from the root and remained unbranched

Answer 10

basal taxon

Question 11

a clade, species, or lineage that appears at the tip of phylogenetic tree

also called “leaves”

Answer 11

terminal taxa

Question 12

are branched that end with a tip most recent diversion

Answer 12

external branch

Question 13

do not end with the tip, most ancient diversion

Answer 13

internal branch

Question 14

a method for testing how good a dataset fits a evolutionary model

Answer 14

bootstrapping analysis

Question 15

considered statistically significant in bootstrapping analysis

Answer 15

90-100