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Computer and Technology Basic for Dewvelopers > Moduel 9 > Flashcards

Moduel 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Address Bus?

A

A bus that connect the CPU to memory.

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2
Q

What is Data Bus?

A

Wires that carry actual electronic data used by the CPU and the various devices in the computer.

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3
Q

What the Control Bus does?

A

Allow the CPU to control devices and receive the result of the commands.

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4
Q

What is a Netwok card?

A

A physical card that permits a computer to connect to a network.

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5
Q

What is a Pin?

A

A thin piece of metal used to connect parts in a computer.
Ex: the pins of the CPU.

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6
Q

What is the Port Address.

A

A unique identifier for a non-physical port on a computer.

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7
Q

What is the 6502?

A

A microprocessor introduced in 1975.

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8
Q

What is a microprocessor?

A

A device containing a CPU and all the parts it needs to work (including registers).

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9
Q

What is AMD?

A

Advanced Micro Devices.
Computer company founded in 1964 that makes computer parts like CPU and microprocessors.

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10
Q

What was the first computer that Apple sold to the public?

A

Apple 2.

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11
Q

What is the Character Code?

A

A system where the various numbers, letters, etc of a language are each represented by a unique code.
Ex: the character “A” is represented by the number 65, i.e 1000001.

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12
Q

What is the Clock?

A
  • device, timing, cycle signal.
    The clock is the device in the computer that controls the timing of the CPU. It syncronizes the computer.
    It is a device that, once turned on, continuously operates to produce an exact electronic output signal.
    This signal increases and decreases in electrical strength at an exact, unchanging rate.
    At each cycle of this signal, an instruction can be performed.
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13
Q

What is Hertz?

A

Its how many times a vibranting electronic signal vibrates in one second.
Is the measure of cycles per second in a electrical signal.

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14
Q

How the speed of the clock of a computer is measured?

A

In Hertz. To say that a computer has 3.5hz speed is the same to say that its clock signal has 3.5 billions cycles per second. So the computer can perform 3.5 billions instructions per second.

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15
Q

Giga means?

A

Billion.

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16
Q

What is an Intermediary?

A

Machines that connect two other things so they can communicate.

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17
Q

What is a volt?

A

A unit of force, or the potential to perform work, for an electrical current.

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18
Q

What is a voltage?

A

Electric pressure, or potential difference, is the difference in electric potential between two points
Ligthing a buld and powering a car-crashing machine demans different amount of work and voltage.

19
Q

What means to say that a data has a boolean type?

A

That its value is only true or false, 1 or 0 etc.

20
Q

What is a simulation?

A

An artificially-created version of something that represents the actual thing.

21
Q

____ means to make it digital.

A

Digitize.

22
Q

What is the problem with Digitizing?

A

It can never perfectly convert an analog data to digital data. Some data is always lost on the process.

23
Q

How a half adder circuit works?

A

By combining a XOR gate to an AND gate.
The XOR gate outputs the sum and the AND gate outputs the carry.

24
Q

How a full adder circuit works?

A

The circuit receive three inputs. Two are new inputs and one is a carry of a previous sum.

The sum part is composed of two XOR gates connected in sequence. The first XOR gate receives the two new inputs. The second XOR gate receives the output of the first XOR gate and the carry. The ouput of the second XOR gate is the sum of the final result.

The carry part is composed of two AND gates and one OR gate.
The first AND gate inputs are the output of the first XOR gate and the carry.
The second AND gate inputs are the new two inputs.
The OR inputs are the outputs of each AND gate and the output of the OR gate is the carry of the final result.

25
Q

What is the .NET Framework?

A

A collection of tool and pre-made software that help developers to make software.
Can work with many programming languages and is platform independent.

26
Q

What is a chemical element?

A

Anything which has mass is a chemical.
An element is a physical thing that cannot be broken down further.
Ex: carbon, oxygen, lead.

27
Q

What subatomic means?

A

Smaller than an atom.

28
Q

What is a Quantum Computer?

A

A computer based on the behavior of sumbatomic particles. Units in quantum computer can exist in more than one state at a time.

29
Q

What Asynchronous means?

A

No synchronous or something that can occur without being subject to a regular set of interval.

30
Q

Give an example of asynchronous computation.

A

A program call a subprogram to perform a task but the main program keep running. In a synchronous interaction the main program would halt and wait the subprogram to finish its task before resuming itself.

31
Q

What is BPS?

A

Bits per second.
A measure of how many bits can be transfered per second in a computer.

32
Q

What Par means?

A

Equal.

33
Q

What is a check bit?

A

Also called Parity bit.
A bit that travels with other bit data to serve as mechanism to check if the data transfered is correct.

34
Q

How a check bit or Parity bit works?

A

Every amount of bit information has an even or odd amount of 1’s values. A protocol can stablish that all data sent has an even amount of 1’s bits or it is corrupted. The sending computer then set the check bit to 0 if the orignal already has an even number of 1’s or set it to 1 if the original data has an odd number of 1’s. Then the receiving computer check if the received data has an even number of 1’s. If not, then the data is corrupted.

35
Q

What compress means?

A

Change data in such a way it can be stored in a computer using less space.

36
Q

What is CRC?

A

Cyclic Redundancy Check.
A set of steps taken by the computer to determine if data has been corrupted during transmission and storage on the receiving device. (bit check can be one step).

37
Q

What is a Driver?

A

A special software that coordinates the functions of the hardware. It acts as a translator between the computer and the device so they can work together.

38
Q

What is the difference between KB, MB, TB, GB etc and Kb, Mb, Tb, Gb?

A

b = bit and B = byte.

39
Q

What is overhead?

A

Base cost to operate an activity.
Ex: an email keeps more data than the text of the content. Data about when it was created, who was using the computer when it was created, who last changed the document etc.

40
Q

What is an SD card?

A

Secure Digitial card.
Portable persistent memory storage device.

41
Q

What is checksum?

A

A number that is used to verify the integrity of a set of transmitted data.

42
Q

How check sum protocols work?

A

You sum all the numbers of the data and then divide it by an agreed divisor. The remainder of this division is sent with the data. The receiving computer does the same division and check if it has the same remainder.

43
Q

How the divisor influence the accuracy of a check sum protocol?

A

The larger the divisor, more accurate the check sum is.

Computer and Technology Basic for Dewvelopers (10 decks)

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