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canine rehabilitation > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Nuchal Ligament:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: First 3 thoracic SP
I: Dorsal SP C2
A: Support the head; prevent excessive ventroflexion

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2
Q

Supraspinatus:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: supraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle, ant to infra; thick tendon to free edge of greater tubercle
A: extend, advance limb; stabilize shoulder (largely stabilized by muscles acting as collateral ligaments)

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3
Q

Infraspinatus;

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: infraspinous fossa
I: lateral greater tubercle; btn supra and teres minor
A: extend shld; assists supra in NWB; flexion during WB; abduction; lateral rotation; stabilizes shld

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4
Q

Teres Minor:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: distal 1/3 caudal border of scap
I: greater tubercle caudal to infra; prox to deltoid tubercle
A: flexes shld; ER humerus

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5
Q

Deltoideus: Spinous Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: spine of scap
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: flexes shoulder

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6
Q

Deltoideus: Acromial Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: acromion
I: deltoid tuberosity
A: abducts humerus

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7
Q

Teres Major:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O:Caudal angle and border of Scapula
I: Teres major tuberosity
A: Flex Shoulder (draws humerus caudally); adduction; medial rotation

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8
Q

Subscapularis:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Subscapular Fossa of scapula
I: Minor tubercle of the humerus via thick, short strong tendon; unites with capsule
A: Adduction limb; extend shoulder; internal rotation (medial); stabilizes the joint during flexion (tendon functions as MCL of shoulder joint)

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9
Q

Canine Muscles of the Shoulder (6)

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, deltoideus, subscapularis

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10
Q

Anconeus:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Distal-lateral Humerus, just proximal to elbow
I: Lateral surface of proximal 1/8 of ulna
A: Extend elbow
(tenses antebrachial fascia)

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11
Q

Triceps Brachii: Medial head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Medial surface of the humerus
I: Olecranon
A: Extend Elbow

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12
Q

Triceps Brachii: Accessory

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Neck of humerus
I: Olecranon
A: Extend Elbow

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13
Q

Triceps Brachii: Lateral Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Proximal Lateral humerus
I: Olecranon
A: Extend Elbow

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14
Q

Triceps Brachii: Long Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Caudal border of Scapula
I: Olecranon
A: Extend Elbow; Flex Shoulder

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15
Q

Biceps Brachii:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
I: Ulna and Radius, medially just distal to the elbow joint
A: Flex Elbow; Extend shoulder

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16
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: Bases (proximal end) of
MC 2 & 3
A: Extend Carpus; weakly flex the elbow

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17
Q

Common Digital Extensor:

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: Extensor processes of the distal phalanges (P3) of digits 2-5
A: Extend carpus; Extend digits of the carpus (2-5)

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18
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Ulnar Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Caudal Border and medial surface of Olecranon
I: Accessory carpal bone
A: Flex carpus

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19
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Humeral Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Accessory carpal bone
A: Flex carpus

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20
Q

Superficial Digital Flexor

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Medial epicondyle of the Humerus
I: Medial and lateral surfaces of P2 digits 2-5 (wraps around the DDF)
A: Flexes carpus; Flexes MC/P joints; Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints (P1-P2) of digits 2-5

21
Q

Deep Digital Flexor: Humeral Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Medial Epicondyle of the humerus
I: Palmar surface of the base (proximal end) of the distal phalanx of each (I-V) digit-P3
A: Flex digits and carpus

22
Q

Deep Digital Flexor: Ulnar Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Proximal ¾ of the caudal border of the ulna
I: Palmar surface of the base (proximal end) of the distal phalanx of each (I-V) digit-P3
A: Flex digits and carpus

23
Q

Deep Digital Flexor: Radial Head

Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Middle 1/3 of the medial border of the radius
I: Palmar surface of the base (proximal end) of the distal phalanx of each (I-V) digit-P3
A: Flex digits and carpus

24
Q

Muscles of the elbow (4)

A

Anconeus, Biceps brachii, Triceps brachii, Extensor carpi radialis

25
Q

Muscle of the Carpals & Digits (5)

A

Extensor carpi radialis, Common digital extensor, Flexor carpi ulnaris, Superficial Digital Flexor, Deep Digital Flexor

26
Q

What are the three epaxial muscles of the trunk?

A

Transversospinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

27
Q

What are the four transversospinalis muscles

A

Short rotator
Long rotator
Multifidus
Semispinalis

28
Q

Short Rotator
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Mamiillary process ONE vertebra cranial to origin
I: Spinous process
A: Rotates spine (or stabilizes if firing bilaterally)

29
Q

Long Rotator
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Mamillary process TWO vertebrae cranial to origin
I: Spinous process
A: Rotates spine (or stabilizes if firing bilaterally)

30
Q

Multifidus
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Mamillary process THREE vertebrae cranial to origin
I: Spinous process
A: Rotates spine (or stabilizes if firing bilaterally)

31
Q

Semispinalis
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Mamillary process FIVE vertebrae cranial to origin
I: Spinous process
A: Rotates and laterally flexes the spine (or stabilizes if firing bilaterally)

32
Q

Longissimus
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Crest and the medial surface of the wing of the ilium, Supraspinosous ligament, Spines of the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae
I: Spinous, mammillary, and transverse process of the lumbar, thoracic vertebrae and ribs
A: Rotation, extension, and lateral flexion of TS/LS

33
Q

Iliocostalis thoracis et lumborum
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Wing of ilium (Along with longissimus), and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
I: Transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and last 4-5 ribs
A: Side bending of lumbar and thoracic spine

34
Q

Deep Pectorals
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Ventral sternum and xiphoid
I: Lesser and Greater Tubercle, Crest of humerus
A: WBing - Draws trunk cranially w/ shoulder flexion
Non-WBing - Draws limb caudally and flexes shoulder

35
Q

Superficial Pectorals
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: First 2-3 sternebrae, ventral median raphe
I: Crest of the Greater Tubercle
A: WBing - Prevents TL abduction
Non-WBing - TL Adduction

36
Q

Brachiocephalicus
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Clavicular tendon
I: Distal Portion - Distal end of anterior humerus
Cervical Portion - Cranial half of dorsal median raphe
Mastoid portion - Mastoid part of temporal bone
A: WBing - Prevents abduction
Non-WBing - Adduction

37
Q

Serratus Ventralis
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Dorso-medial third of scapula
I: Transverse processes C2-7, Ribs 1-8 ventral-middle
A: Supports the trunk and depresses the scapula

38
Q

Latissimus Dorsi
Origin, Insertion, Action

A

O: Thoracolumbar fascia from the spinous processes of the lumbar and the last 7-8 thoracic vertebrae
I: Proximo-medial humerus along w/ teres major at the teres major tuberosity
A: Draws the forelimb caudally and flex the shoulder; Digging

39
Q

Rhomboideus (3 parts)

A

O: Nuchal crest; median raphe, spinous processes of first 7 thoracic vertebrae
I: Dorsal border and adjacent surfaces of scapula
A: elevate forelimb; draws scap against chest

40
Q

Trapezius (2 parts)

A

O: median raphe; supraspinous ligament
I: Spine of Scap
A: Elevate and abduct forelimb

41
Q

Iliopsoas

A

O: iliacus - cranioventral ilium; psoas - ventral bodies and TPs of all lumbar vert.
I: Lesser trochanter
A: Flexion and ER of hip; flexion of the spine

42
Q

Deep Gluteal

A

O: Body of ilium and ischial spine
I: Cranial aspect of greater trochanter
A: extend, abduct and medially rotate

43
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Lateral aspect of S3 to Cd1
I: Dorsal greater trochanter; with middle glute tendon
A: extend the hip

44
Q

Middle gluteal

A

O: Crest and gluteal fossa of ilium
I: Dorsal greater trochanter with piriformis
A: Extend the hip

45
Q

Adductor

A

O: Pubic symphysis and ischiatic arch
I: Lateral lip of rough surface of the femur
A: Adduct the limb

46
Q

Pectineus

A

O: body of pubis
I: Distal end of medial lip of rough face of femur; tendon inserts on prox medial fem condyle
A: adduct limb

47
Q

Sacrotuberous ligament

A

O: S3 - Cd1
I: Lateral angle of ischial tub

48
Q

Superficial gluteal

A

O: Lateral border of sacrum and Cd1 and sacrotuberous ligament
I: Third trochanter
A: Extend hip and abduct limb

canine rehabilitation (15 decks)

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