reproductive Health pt1

Question 1

what hormone establishes female characteristics?

Answer 1

Estrogen

Question 2

What are the functions of progesterone?

Answer 2

stabilize uterus
Mucus production
Lactation
Breast tissue development
correlates to pregnancy success

Question 3

what relaxes then constricts uterine arteries

Answer 3

Prostaglandin

Question 4

FSH function

Answer 4

follicle stimulating hormone
Responsible for maturity of egg

Question 5

Does the luteinizing hormone decrease or increase estrogen?

Answer 5

Decreases estrogen

Question 6

Follicular phase

Answer 6

Day 1 through 14
Immature follicle becomes mature by FSH
Oocyte grows in follicle
ovum discharged into fimbria of fallopian tube

Question 7

what day of the ovarian cycle are woman most fertile?

Answer 7

Days 13 through 15

Question 8

Luteal phase

Answer 8

days 15 through 28

Ovum leaves follicle, remains in Ampulla, if fertilized

reaches uterus 72 to 96 hours later, then implants in endometrium and secretes HCG

Question 9

what happens if there’s no fertilization

Answer 9

Corpus luteum degenerates

Question 10

where does the semen pool in the female anatomy?

Answer 10

Posterior fornix

Question 11

What is the usual site for implantation of fertilized eggs?

Answer 11

Endometrium

Question 12

Menstrual cycle

Answer 12

14 days after ovulation
Shedding of endometrial cells

Question 13

Proliferative phase

Answer 13

endometrial cells enlarge, and thicken due to increase estrogen

Prep for egg implant

Question 14

Secretory phase

Answer 14

follows ovulation
Progesterone causes marked swelling of epithelium

Question 15

Ischemic phase

Answer 15

begins if no implantation occurs
Estrogen and progesterone decrease
Corpus luteum degenerates – bleeding

Question 16

gametogenesis

Answer 16

Sperm and ovum are produced

Question 17

oogenesis

Answer 17

Produces female gamete – ovum
all ova present at birth

Question 18

Spermatogenesis

Answer 18

produces male gamete – sperm
Starts at puberty

Question 19

Where does fertilization occur?

Answer 19

ampulla

Question 20

what is the function of the yolk sac?

Answer 20

Nourishment before placenta forms

Question 21

What is the function of the chorionic villi?

Answer 21

Gas exchange

Question 22

fraternal twins

Answer 22

Two separate eggs, blastocytes, sperm

Question 23

Identical twins

Answer 23

Single egg, sperm, blastocyte
Blastocyte later divides making two babies

Question 24

amniotic fluid functions

Answer 24

Cushions fetus and umbilical cord
Allows position changes
Helps control temperature
Analyzed for Fetal health and maturity

Question 25

what is amniotic fluid made of?

Answer 25

Albumin
Vernix
Fetal urine
Uric acid
Lethicin
sphingomyelin

Question 26

Polyhydramnios

Answer 26

too much fluid
Greater than 2000 mL

Caused by multiple pregnancies, diabetes, baby can’t swallow

Question 27

oligoHydroamnios

Answer 27

less than 400 mL of fluid
AFI less than five

Due to perfusion problem, HTN, kidney/bladder problem

Question 28

what is the normal ratio of arteries to veins in the umbilical cord

Answer 28

2:1

Question 29

does cutting the cord hurt the mom or the baby

Answer 29

No, no sensory innervation

Question 30

Function of the placenta

Answer 30

immune properties, protects versus antibody production

Excretion of waste, CO2

Delivers oxygen

Nutrients, hormones (hCG, progesterone)

Question 31

What part of the circulatory system has oxygenated blood of the fetus?

Answer 31

Umbilical vein

Question 32

what part of the circulatory system secretes waste blood in a fetus

Answer 32

Umbilical arteries