13.7 The Menstrual Cycle Flashcards
What are the three phases of the ovarian cycle?
- follicular phase
- ovulatory phase
- luteal phase
What occurs during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?
primary follicle matures and secretes estrogen
What occurs during the ovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle?
secondary oocyte is released from the ovary and remnants of follicle form the corpus luteum
What hormone triggers the release of the secondary oocyte?
LH
What occurs during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle?
full formation of the corpus luteum and the secretion of estrogen and progesterone
What is the main function of the uterine cycle?
preparation of the endometrium for potential implementation of a fertilized egg
What are the three phases of the uterine cycle?
- menstruation
- proliferative phase
- secretory phase
What triggers menstruation during the uterine cycle?
degeneration of the corpus luteum and drop in estrogen and progesterone levels
What occurs in the menstruation phase of the uterine cycle?
previous cycles endometrial lining sloughs off and produces bleeding
What occurs during the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle?
estrogen produced by the follicle induces the proliferation of a new endometrium
What occurs during the secretory phase of the uterine cycle?
estrogen and progesterone produced by the corpus luteum further increases development of the endometrium
What two structures play an important role in hormone production in relation to the female menstrual cyce?
anterior pituitary and hypothalamus
What does GnRH secreted from the hypothalamus do?
stimulates the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary
What cells secrete estrogen during the follicular phase?
granulosa and thecal cells
What hormone secretion does estrogen initially inhibit?
GnRH, FSH, and LH
