General Nutrition and FTT

Question 1

You are asked to give a talk to a local antenatal class, where you discuss the benefits of breast feeding. How does breast milk compare to cows milk for actual delivery and absorption of iron to the infant? In comparison to formula, breast milk delivers:

Question 1Select one:

a.
slightly more iron

b.
much less iron

c.
much more iron

d.
slightly less iron

Answer 1

slightly less iron

Question 2

A 7 month old boy is seen because of poor weight gain (see growth chart). He was initially breast-fed and is now on cows’ milk formula. Solids (introduced at 5 months) include rice cereals, pureed fruit and vegetables. Examination reveals a thin baby with thigh and buttock wasting, but no other findings.

Initial investigations show the following:

FBC: HB=110 g/l,
WBC=7 x 10^9/l
Bag urine: 5 WBC x 109/l, no protein or blood,
Urine culture: 45 x 106/l mixed organisms
Stool: No fat globules or fatty acid crystals
What is the most likely diagnosis?

Question 2Select one:

a.
Cystic fibrosis malabsorption

b.
Chronic urinary tract infection

c.
Non-organic failure to thrive

d.
Gluten-induced enteropathy

Answer 2

Non-organic failure to thrive

Question 3

Jordan is a normal, average sized, full term infant. His mother is concerned about his feeding and wants to know what he should be gaining. What is a healthy weekly weight gain in the first few months of life?

Question 3Select one:

a.
140 - 180 g/week

b.
220 - 260 g/week

c.
180 - 220 g/week

d.
100 - 140 g/week

Answer 3

180 - 220 g/week

Question 4

Lisa is four years old. Her mother is worried as Lisa is a fussy eater and wants to know how much she should be eating. WHICH ONE of the following management options would be LEAST APPROPRIATE?

Question 4Select one:

a.
Discourage excess fruit drinks and soft drinks

b.
Plot Lisa’s height and weight on a growth chart

c.
Encourage a high fat diet to preserve growth

d.
Encourage eating a range of appropriate foods

Answer 4

Encourage a high fat diet to preserve growth

Question 5

Melissa is a 2 year old girl whose mother describes her as a fussy eater. Melissa’s mother is concerned about how she should be ensuring that Melissa’ diet is balanced and healthy. WHICH ONE of the following suggested pieces of advice is INCORRECT?

Question 5Select one:

a.
Have at least three serves of cereals or grains per day

b.
Restrict soft drinks to not more than once per week

c.
Try to provide five serves of fruit or vegetables per day

d.
Encourage the child to drink as much milk as possible

Answer 5

Encourage the child to drink as much milk as possible

Question 6

Julia is three and a half and her mother states that she is ‘hooked’ on fruit juice, often drinking more than a litre carton in a day. Her mother hopes it is healthy but asks for your advice. Your advice about the adverse effects of excess fruit juice consumption correctly includes ALL BUT ONE of the following possible effects. WHICH ONE?

Question 6Select one:

a.
Failure to thrive

b.
Campylobacter

c.
Chronic diarrhoea

d.
Dental caries

Answer 6

Campylobacter

No relation

Question 7

In comparison to infants under 1 year of age, what changes are normally seen in appetite and weight gain in normal toddlers 1-2 1/2 years old?

Question 7Select one:

a.
Both appetite and growth rate decrease

b.
Appetite slows but growth rate increases

c.
Both appetite and growth rate increase

d.
Appetite increases but growth rate slows

Answer 7

Both appetite and growth rate decrease

Less nutritional requirement

Question 8

WHICH ONE of the following mothers must avoid breast-feeding her infant?

Question 8Select one:

a.
Anne, who is on a cephalosporin for a breast abscess

b.
Beth, whose baby has rotavirus gastroenteritis

c.
Dot, whose baby has hereditary galactosaemia

d.
Cathy, whose baby has early neonatal jaundice

Answer 8

Dot, whose baby has hereditary galactosaemia

Baby has no enzyme to metabolise galactose