Trauma

Question 1

What is included in a trauma stamp?

investigations (8)

Answer 1

• sinus
• colour
• mobility
• TTP
• percussion note
• ethyl chloride test (ECL)
• electric pulp test (EPT)
• radiograph

Question 2

What should be looked at during trauma review appointments?

significant findings

Answer 2

• continuation of root formation
• loss of pulp vitality
• breakdown of the perdiodontal ligament
• resorption (types and process)
• types of root fracture healing

Question 3

Which trauma type has the poorest prognosis?

Answer 3

• intrusion
• avulsion/replantation

Question 4

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for open apex intrusion and avulsion cases?

Answer 4

67%

Question 5

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for closed apex instrusion and avulsion cases?

Answer 5

100%

Question 6

List in order best to worst prognosis of dental trauma types.

Answer 6

concussion
subluxation
extrusion
lateral luxation
intrusion
avulsion

Question 7

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for open apex concussion and subluxation?

Answer 7

1%

Question 8

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for closed apex concussion and subluxation?

Answer 8

3%

Question 9

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for open apex extrusion?

Answer 9

5%

Question 10

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for closed apex extrusion?

Answer 10

7%

Question 11

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for open apex lateral luxation?

Answer 11

3%

Question 12

What is the % incidence of resorption after 5 years for closed apex lateral luxation?

Answer 12

38%

Question 13

Name the 4 types of resorption.

Answer 13

• external surface
• external inflammatory
• internal inflammatory
• replacement resorption (ankylosis)

Question 14

What is external surface resorption?

Answer 14

• damage to PDL which heals
• non-progressive

Question 15

What is external inflammatory resorption?

Answer 15

• damage to PDL
• progressive

Question 16

How can external inflammatory resorption be diagnosed?

Answer 16

radiograph shows:
* root surfaces indistinct
* tramlines of root canal intact

Question 17

What is the managemet of externnal inflammatory resorption?

Answer 17

• pulp extirpation
• mechanical debridement and chemical irrigation
• non-setting calcium hydroxide 4-6 weeks
• obturate

Question 18

What is internal inflammatory resorption?

Answer 18

• initiated by non-vital pulp
• progressive

Question 19

How can internal inflammatory resorption be diagnosed?

Answer 19

• tramlines of root canal indistinct
• root surfaces intact

Question 20

What is the management for internal inflammatory resorption?

Answer 20

• pulp extirpation
• mechanical debridement and chemical irrigation
• non-setting calcium hydroxide 4-6 weeks
• obturate

Question 21

What is replacement resorption (ankylosis)?

Answer 21

• initiated by severe damage to PDL
• normal repair does not occur
• bone fused directly to dentine
• progressive
• tooth gradually resorbed as it is now part of bone remodelling

Question 22

How can replacemet resorption (ankylosis) be diagnosed?

Answer 22

loss of PDL and lamina dura

Question 23

What are the types of root fracture healing?

(4)

Answer 23

• calcified tissue
• granulation tissue
• osseous tissue
• non-healing (granulation tissue detected as black mass round fracture line on radiograph)