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Network+ > Lesson 11: Explaining Network Applications > Flashcards

Lesson 11: Explaining Network Applications Flashcards

1
Q

Define http

A

Application layer protocol that eables clients to request resources from an http server over tcp port 80 or for secure transmission https over tcp port 443

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2
Q

What is HTML

A

HyperText Markup Language (HTML) are plan text files coded with tags describing how the page to be formatted

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3
Q

How does HTTP allow clients to submit data to a server?

A

HTTP POST mechanism

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4
Q

What are the purpose of cookies?

A

Text file that preserves client session information

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5
Q

Define Transport Layer Security (TLS)

A

Security protocol that uses certificates for web authentication and encryption to protect web transmissions and other protocols

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6
Q

What layer of the OSI model does SSL and TLS work at?

A

Layer 5; Session layer

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7
Q

How does HTTPs work?

A

By implementing certificates from a 3rd party CA; the server generates a private key to decrypt information encrypted by the public key; the public key is available to anyone that interacts with the server

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8
Q

Define File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

A

Application protocol used to transfer files between hosts over port 20 and 21; SFTP, TFTP, etc

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9
Q

How is a FTP connection made?

A

An FTP client connects to control port (port 21) on the FTP server to transfer commands and status information

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10
Q

What are the two data transfer modes in a FTP connection?

A

Active mode or passive mode

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11
Q

How does active FTP operate/function?

A

Client sends PORT command to server control port 21, and the server responds by opening the data connection between the client port and TCP port 20

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12
Q

How does passive FTP function?

A

Clients sends PASV command to FTP server control port 21, the server responds by opening a random high port number and sends it to the client using the PORT command, which the client uses to initiate connection to the given port

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13
Q

Define TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

A

Using UDP port 69, TFTP is only suitable for small files and only supports reading (GET)/writing (PUT) files

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14
Q

What Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)?

A

SFTP; uses a SSH tunnel over port 22 to encrypt authentication and data transfer between client and server

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15
Q

What is required for SFTP?

A

An SSH server that supports SFTP and SFTP client software

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16
Q

What two ways can FTP can be configured over TLS?

A
  1. Explicit FTP TLS (FTPES)
  2. Implicit FTP TLS (FTPS)
17
Q

How is Explicit FTP TLS (FTPES) implemented?

A

Using the “AUTH TLS” command to secure an unsecure connection established over port 21.

18
Q

How is Implicit TLS (FTPS) implemented?

A

The server is set to negotiate a TLS tunnel over control port 990 as soon as a connection is made

19
Q

What port does SMB use?

A

TCP port 139 or 445

20
Q

What are the two types of databases?

A
  1. Relational
  2. NoSQL
21
Q

What is the function of a relational database?

A

To store information in tables with rows (records) and columns (fields)

22
Q

How are relational databases managed?

A

Using structured query language (SQL) commands

23
Q

What tools are used to manage relational databases with a GUI?

A

Relational database management systems (RDBMS)

24
Q

How does a relational database management system (RDBMS) connect to a database?

A

Using a remote access protocol to connect to the client or to another database sever for replication

25
Q

What are the different relational database management system (RDBMS) platforms and the ports they use?

A
  1. Oracle; SQL*Net service over TCP/1521
  2. Microsoft SQL server TCP/1433
  3. Open source MySQL TCP/3306
  4. Open source PostgreSQL TCP/5432
26
Q

Define Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

A

Specifies how mail is delivered from one system to another by discovering the IP address of the recipient SMTP server

27
Q

What is the outcome of a timed-out email?

A

The SMTP server returns a non-delivery report (NDR) to the sender that contains an error code

28
Q

How can SMTP be implemented over TLS?

A

SMTPS; uses certificates on on the SMTP server to authenticate and encrypt email communications

29
Q

What ports does SMTP use?

A
  1. Port 25 is used for message replay between email servers or mail transfer agents (MTAs)
  2. Port 587 is used by mail clients or message submission agents (MSAs) to submit messages for delivery by an SMTP server
30
Q

What do VoIP protocols offer for VoIP traffic?

A
  1. Session control
  2. Data transport
  3. Quality of Service (QoS)
31
Q

Define Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)

A

Application protocol used to establish, disestablish, and manage VoIP sessions.

32
Q

What ports does Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) use?

A

UDP/TCP 5060 and 6061 for SIP-TLS

33
Q

Define Real-Time Transport protocol (RTP)

A

Enables reliable transmission/delivery over UDP typically associated with TCP.

Network+ (19 decks)

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