enzymes & activation energy Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
A protein that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed (catalyst)
Are the sites of chemical reactions, but aren’t used up or permanently changed by the reaction
Holds molecules together long enough for them to react
Are highly specific, each enzyme speeds up one reaction at a time
what do enzyme names usually end with
the suffix “ase”
define substrate
the reactant(s) in an enzyme’s reaction
what is “ES”
Enzyme-Substrate complex
The chemical reaction occurs when the ES complex exists
What is the active site
place where the substrates bind on the enzyme
Lock and Key theory
enzyme and substrate meet during the reaction and fit together perfectly (like a lock and key)
induced fit model
Enzyme changes shape slightly when it binds to the substrate to get a tighter “grip’ on the reactants
After the ES complex separates, the enzyme re-assumes its original shape and is free to catalyze another reaction
Define “Activation Energy”
energy that must be supplied to cause molecules to react with one another
What do enzymes do to the activation energy
Lowers the activation energy required for a reaction to proceed
Brings substrate molecules together, holding them long enough for the reaction to take place
What is a coenzyme? How does it work?
Non-protein part of the reaction that may help by accepting/donating atoms (H+)
Are often vitamins
