Ischemic CVA Syndromes- Lecture 11 Flashcards

1
Q

how are the primary motor and sensory areas arranged

A

somatotopically

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2
Q

cortical homunculus

A

different parts of the body are represented by different portions of the brain

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3
Q

what is the cortical area devoted to each body part proportional to

A

motor innervations received by the corresponding body parts

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4
Q

ischemic syndromes

A

MCA

ACA

PCA

IC

vertebral

basilar

cerebellar

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5
Q

MCA

A

upper and lower division

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6
Q

is MCA embolic or thrombic

A

embolic more often

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7
Q

MCA is most often

A

occluded artery as a result of vascular dz

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8
Q

MCA is the

A

largest terminal branch of the IC

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9
Q

what does the MCA supply

A

lateral cerebral hemisphere

posterior internal capsule

corona radiata

globus pallidus

caudate

putamen

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10
Q

MCA occlusion results in

A

contralateral spastic hemiparesis

contralateral hemianesthesia

contralateral homonymous hemianopsia w/ impairment of conjugate gaze in the direction opposite the lesion

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11
Q

homonymous hemianopsia

A

loss of the temporal visual field form one eye and the nasal visual field of the other eye

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12
Q

R occipital lobe damage

A

loss of L visual field

L temporal and R nasal

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13
Q

L occipital lobe damage

A

loss of R visual field

R temporal and L nasal

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14
Q

MCA occlusion –> L hemisphere is involved

A

dominant

global aphasia

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15
Q

MCA occlusion –> R hemisphere involved

A

non-dominant

perceptual deficits

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16
Q

perceptual deficits

A

anosognosia

unilateral neglect

spatial disorganization

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17
Q

upper division MCA involvement of dominant hemisphere

A

broca’s aphasia with hemiparesis of face and UE more than LE

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18
Q

broca’s aphasia

A

frontal lobe damage

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19
Q

other names for broca’s aphasia

A

expressive

oromotor

non-fluent

20
Q

broca’s aphasia is

A

lesion to the frontal lobe of the L hemisphere

21
Q

what does broca’s aphasia cuase

A

awkward articulations

restricted vocab

restriction to simple grammatical forms

22
Q

brocas aphasia comprehension

A

in tact

23
Q

brocas aphasia writing

A

skills mirror pattern of speech

24
Q

brocas aphasia reading

A

less impaired than speech and writing

25
Q

lower division MCA occlusion on the dominant side

A

auditory association cortex of lateral temporal lobe

26
Q

lower division MCA occlusion causes

A

Wernicke’s aphasia

27
Q

other names for Wernicke’s aphasia

A

receptive

sensory

fluent

28
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia includes

A

loss of auditory comprehension

loss of command following

loss of ability to read and write

distortion of articulate speech

29
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia hearing

A

intact

30
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia speech

A

fluent with a natural language rhythm

but lack content or meaning

uses neologisms and paraphasias

31
Q

global aphasia

A

severe aphasia of both production and comprehension

32
Q

global aphasia includes

A

poor reading and auditory comprehension, repetition, naming and writing

33
Q

global aphasia speech

A

non fluent

34
Q

what is global aphasia indicative of

A

extensive brain involvement

can be bilateral

35
Q

global aphasia prognosis

A

poor

36
Q

conduction aphasia

A

results from interruption in connections b/w Broca’s and Wernicke’s area

37
Q

conduction aphasia presents like

A

Wernicke’s aphasia

but with good comprehension and understands commands

38
Q

conduction aphasia has

A

poor repetition, naming and writing

39
Q

ACA supplies

A

frontal and parietal lobes

BG

anterior fornix

anterior 4/5 of corpus callosum

40
Q

ACA syndrome is

A

fairly rare

frequently asymptomatic d/t collateral circulation

41
Q

what does ACA syndrome occur d/t

A

embolism more than thrombus

42
Q

if dominant language hemisphere is affected (ACA)

A

abulia and a reduction in the rate or complexity of language and speech

43
Q

abulia

A

abnormal lack of ability to act or to make decisions

44
Q

severe form of abulia

A

akinetic mutism

45
Q

ACA affects

A

LE > UE

by paresis and sensory loss

46
Q

ACA has

A

memory and behavioral impairments

47
Q

non-dominant side damage ACA

A

unilateral neglect