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Neruo 1 - Test 3 > Primary Impairments - Lecture 11 > Flashcards

Primary Impairments - Lecture 11 Flashcards

1
Q

motor recovery is initially

A

flaccid

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2
Q

motor recovery: there is a development of

A

spasticity

hyperreflexia

mass patterns of movement

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3
Q

as recovery continues –> motor recovery

A

spasticity and synergies decline

advanced motor patterns are possible

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4
Q

Brunnstrom Stages of recovery

A

6 stages

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5
Q

stage 1

A

flaccidity

no mvt

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6
Q

stage 2

A

minimal voluntary mvt

associated rxns

spasticity begins to develop

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7
Q

stage 3

A

voluntary control of mvt synergies

spasticity peaks in severity

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8
Q

stage 4

A

mastery of some mvt synergies

spasticity peaks in severity

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9
Q

stage 5

A

difficult mvt combos are learned

synergies lose their dominance

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10
Q

stage 6

A

spasticity disappears

isolated joint movement and coordination achieved

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11
Q

flexion synergy components UE strongest component

A

elbow flexion

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12
Q

strongest component of flexion synergy components LE

A

hip flexion

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13
Q

strongest component of extension synergy components

A

shoulder ADD

forearm pronation

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14
Q

strongest component of extension synergy component

A

hip ADD

knee extension

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15
Q

why do we experience paresis

A

decrease # of fxning agonist motor units

recruitment order may be altered

decreased firing rates

denervation changes in corticospinal tract

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16
Q

why do we experience paresis (2)

A

atrophy of mm fibers

contraction time increases with increased fatigability

inappropriate co-contract of mm

mechanical changes in soft tissue

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17
Q

incoordination is the result of

A

cerebellar or BG involvement

proprioceptive losses

motor weakness

ataxia (esp w/ cerebellar disorders)

impaired stretch reflex response)

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18
Q

impaired stretch reflex response

A

normally allows automatic adaptation of mm to postural movement changes

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19
Q

aphasia

A

brocas

wernikes

global

conduction

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20
Q

dysarthria

A

impairment of speech production secondary to damage to the CNS or PNS

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21
Q

what does dysarthria cause

A

oral motor weakness, paralysis or incoordination of the motor speech system

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22
Q

what does dysarthria affect

A

respiration

phonation

articulation

resonance

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23
Q

dysarthria has deficits in

A

swallowing

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24
Q

dysarthria has lesions affecting

A

CN 9 & 10

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25
Q

CN lesions cause

A

delayed triggering of swallow reflex

decreased pharyngeal peristalsis

decreased lingual control

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26
Q

cognitive/behavioral deficits

A

in orientation

attention

processing speed

conceptual abilities

executive fxn

memory

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27
Q

cognitive/behavioral deficits cause

A

emotional liability

(R) CVA

(L) CVA

generalizations

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28
Q

emotional liability

A

unstable or changeable emotional state

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29
Q

emotional liability is characterized by

A

pathological rapid change from laughing to weeping w/ only slight provocation

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30
Q

(R) cva

A

difficulty grasping the whole idea or the overall organization of a pattern or activity

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31
Q

what is R cva described as

A

indifferent, quick, impulsive, euphoric

pt overestimates their ability while minimizing the problem

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32
Q

R CVA major issue

A

safety

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33
Q

L cva

A

difficulty with processing ingo in sequential/linear manner

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34
Q

L cva described as

A

slower, negative, cautious, uncertain, depressed, anxious

35
Q

generalizations

A

does not apply to everyone

36
Q

Visual perception disorders

A

body scheme/body image disorders

spatial relation syndrome

agnosias

apraxia

37
Q

body scheme/body image disorders

A

somatagnosia

unilateral neglect

right-left discrimination

finger agnosia

anosognosia

38
Q

somatagnosia

A

lack of awareness of the body structure and the relationship of body parts in oneself or others

39
Q

somatagnosia –> difficulties

A

performing transfers

following direction

40
Q

somatognosia lesion

A

dominant parietal lobe or posterior temporal lobe

41
Q

unilateral neglect

A

spatial neglect

inability to register and to integrate stimuli and perceptions from one side of the body and the environment

42
Q

unilateral neglect types

A

personal

peri personal

extrapersonal

43
Q

where does unilateral neglect typically affect

A

left side of the body

sensory loss compounds the problem

44
Q

unilateral neglect lesion

A

non-dominant parieto-occipital area

45
Q

right left discrimmination

A

inability to identify R or L side of one’s own body or the examiner

46
Q

RL discrimmination lesion

A

parietal lobe or either hemisphere

47
Q

finger agnosia

A

inability to identify the fibers of one’s own hand

correlates highly with poor dexterity

48
Q

finger agnosia lesion

A

parietal lobe of either hemisphere

49
Q

anosognosia

A

severe condition including denial, neglect and lack of awareness of the presence or severity of one’s paralysis

50
Q

anosognosia lesion

A

non-dominant parietal lobe

51
Q

spatial relation deficits

A

figure - ground discrimination

form consistency

spatial relations

position in space

spatial memory

topographical disorientation

depth and distance perception

vertical disorientation

52
Q

figure ground discrimmination

A

inability to visually distinguish a figure from the background

lesion: non-dominant parietal lobe

53
Q

form consistency

A

inability to perceive or to attend to subtle differences in form and shape

lesion: non-dominant parieto-temporo-occipital region

54
Q

spatial relations

A

inability to perceive the relationship of one object in space to another object or to oneself

difficulty crossing midline

55
Q

spatial relations lesion

A

non-dominant parietal lobe

56
Q

position in space

A

inability to perceive and to interpret spatial concepts

such as up, down, under, over, in, out, etc

57
Q

position in space lesion

A

non-dominant parietal lobe

58
Q

spatial memory deficit

A

impaired memory of location of objects/places

59
Q

spatial memory lesion

A

non-dominant parietal lobe

60
Q

topographical disorientation

A

difficulty in understanding and remembering the relationship of one location to another

unable to trace path/route

61
Q

topographical disorientation lesion

A

non-dominant occipitoparietal lobe

62
Q

depth and distance perception

A

inaccurate judgement of direction, distance and depth

lesion: non dominant occipital lobe

63
Q

vertical disorientation

A

distorted perception of what is vertical

causes imbalance and distorted midline orientation

64
Q

vertical disorientation lesion

A

non-dominant parietal lobe

65
Q

agnosia

A

inability to recognize familiar objects using one or more sensory modalities

while often retaining the ability to recognize the same object using other sensory modalities

66
Q

types of agnosia

A

visual

auditory

tactile

67
Q

visial

A

visual object agnosia

simultanagnosia

propagnosia

color agnosia

68
Q

visual object agnosia

A

inability to recognize and name common objects

69
Q

simultanagnosia

A

inability to perceive the whole or the “big picture”

only sees 1 element of an object at a time

decreases visual span –> tubular vision

70
Q

prosopagnosia

A

facial agnosia

inability to recognize familiar faces

71
Q

color agnosia

A

difficulty recognizing names of colors

72
Q

motor praxis

A

ability to plan and execute coordinated movements

73
Q

apraxia

A

disorder of voluntary learned movement

inability to perform purposeful movements

74
Q

where is apraxia seen

A

L hemisphere lesions more than R

often accompanied by aphasia

75
Q

lesion –> apraxia

A

premotor frontal cortex of either hemisphere

left inferior parietal lobe

corpus callosum

76
Q

types of apraxia

A

ideomotor

ideational

77
Q

ideomotor

A

breakdown b/w concept and performance

movement is not possible upon command by occurs automatically

78
Q

oral apraxia

A

subtype of ideomotor apraxia

buccofacial ms cannot produce purposeful movement

79
Q

ideational

A

failure in conceptualization of the task

purposeful movement is not possible

either automatic or on command

80
Q

apraxia like syndromes

A

not true apraxias

more associated with R hemisphere lesions

81
Q

like syndromes

A

constructional apraxia

dressing apraxia

82
Q

constructional apraxia

A

difficulty in recognizing parts to a whole

secondary faulty spatial analysis and conceptualization of the task

83
Q

dressing apraxia

A

inability to dress oneself properly owing to a disorder in body scheme or spatial relations

Neruo 1 - Test 3 (12 decks)

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