reproductive systems contraceptive

Question 1

Estrogen steroidal contraceptive pathway

Answer 1

• inhibits release FSH suppressing development of ovarian follicles

Question 2

Estrogen neg and pos effects

Answer 2

positive
- maintains normal blood vessel and skin structure
- Vasodilation

Negative
- enhance coagulation of blood
- weight gain
- nausea

Question 3

Steriodal contraceptives progesterone pathway

Answer 3

• inhibits LH release = prevent ovulation
• thickens cervical mucous = making it more difficult for sperm to get to cervix

Question 4

Steroidal contraceptive classes of COCS

Answer 4

1. Monophasic
   - estrogen and progesterone available, dose of hormones kept constant throughout cycle
2. Biphasic
   - both estrogen and progesterone for half of cycle then P is increase mid-cycle
3. triphasic
   - first 5-6 days have low estrogen and progesterone, next 5-6 days both are increased.
   - last 10 days, decrease in E and dose of P is doubled

Question 5

Contraindications for COC

Answer 5

• Smoking and venous thrombo-emboli
• smoking and history of cardiovascular disease and risk

Question 6

reproductive infections and treatment

Answer 6

1. fungal infections
   - Candidiasis
   - treat with clotrimazole
2. Bacterial infections
   - Chlamydia
   - injection 500mg ceftriazone IM and azithromycin
3. viral infections
   - Genital herpes
   - oral antivirals

Question 7

prostrate disorders treatment

Answer 7

1. benign prostatic hyperplasia
   - alpha blockers
2. prostate cancer
   - chemotherapy

Question 8

reproductive cancer treatments

Answer 8

1. Uterine cancer
   - pembrolizumab
2. Ovarian cancer
   - Olaparib