9.2 meiosis & genetic variation

Question 1

compare mitosis to meiosis. (3)

Answer 1

2 diploid / 4 haploids
same chromosome num. / halved
in autosomal cells / gamete development
asexual / sexual

Question 2

what type of daughter cells are produced by meiosis?

Answer 2

genetically different

Question 3

describe the process of meiosis 1.

Answer 3

1) homologous chromosomes pair up along the equator to form a bivalent
2) spindle fibers attach to 1 side of the centromere only
3) chromatids from different chromosomes of homologous pair crosses over & exchange genetic material by forming a chiasma
4) homologous pairs separate

Question 4

describe the process of meiosis 2, compared to mitosis.

Answer 4

just like normal mitosis; sister chromatids line up with spindle fibres attached to both side of centromere

Question 5

how does crossing over of homologous chromosomes impact the genetic makeup of the daughter cells?

Answer 5

new genetic combinations of maternal & paternal alleles