GI TRACT

Question 1

GI TRACT ORGANS:

Answer 1

ORAL CAVITY, PHARYNX, ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, SMALL & LARGE INTESTINE, ANUS, & ANAL CANAL.

Question 2

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE ORGANS:

Answer 2

TEETH, TONGUE, SALIVARY GLANDS, LIVER, GALLBLADDER, PANCREAS.

Question 3

MECHANICAL DIGESTION:

Answer 3

PHYSICAL BREAKDOWN OF FOOD THRU CHEWING AND MIXING THAT HAPPENS IN STOMACH

Question 4

CHEMICAL DIGESTION:

Answer 4

ENZYMES THAT BREAK CHEMICAL BONDS SO FOOD CAN BE USABLE ENERGY

Question 5

4 tunics of the GI tract in order:

Answer 5

MUCOSA (DEEPEST), SUBMUCOSA, MUSCULARIS EXTERNA, ADVENTITIA/SEROSA (SUPERFICIAL)

Question 6

In which tunic would you find the epithelium?

Answer 6

MUSCOSA

Question 7

What type of epithelium is most common throughout the GI Tract?

Answer 7

SIMPLE COLUMNAR

Question 8

In which layer (GI tract) would you find the myenteric nerve plexus? Submucosal nerve plexus?

Answer 8

SUBMUCOSAL NERVE PLEXUS IS IN THE SUBMUCOSA LAYER. MYENTERIC NERVE PLEXUS IS IN THE MUSCULARIS LAYER.

Question 9

Describe the arrangement of muscle layers in the wall of the GI Tract.

Answer 9

INNER CIRCULAR LAYER: CIRCUMFERENTIALLY. OUTER LONGITUDINAL LAYER: LENGTHWISE

Question 10

What are the movements/motions in the GI tract? Describe them.

Answer 10

Mixing: BACK-AND-FORTH. Propulsion: DIRECTIONAL MOVEMENTS INTO ONE AREA (HAPPENS IN WAVES)

Question 11

INTRAPERITONEAL:

Answer 11

ORGANS WITHIN ABDOMEN THAT ARE ENCLOSED BY VISCERAL PERITONEUM. Stomach, most of small intestine, some of large intestine

Question 12

RETROPERITONEAL:

Answer 12

ORGANS OUTSIDE OF PARIETAL PERITONEUM DIRECTLY AGAINST THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL. Most of duodenum, pancreas, de/ascending colon, rectum

Question 13

Parasympathetic vs Sympathetic innervation (which increases/decreases GI activity?)

Answer 13

PARASYMPATHETIC: INCREASED DIGESTION. SYMPATHETIC: DECREASED DIGESTION.