Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Flashcards
1
Q
Main risk factor for developing HCC
A
Liver cirrhosis due to:
- hepatitis B & C
- alcohol
- haemochromatosis
- primary biliary cirrhosis
2
Q
Other risk factors for developing HCC
A
- alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
- hereditary tyrosinosis
- glycogen storage disease
- drugs: COCP, anabolic steroids
- porphyria cutanea tarda
- male sex
- diabetes mellitus/metabolic syndrome
3
Q
How does HCC usually present
A
- presents late
- liver cirrhosis/ failure
- jaundice
- ascites
- RUQ pain
- hepatosplenomegaly
- pruritus,
- decompensation in a patient with chronic liver disease
4
Q
What tumour marker can be raised
A
AFP
5
Q
Screening investigations for HCC
A
US
AFP
6
Q
In what groups should HCC be screened for?
A
- patients with liver cirrhosis secondary to Hep B/C or haemochromatosis
- men with liver cirrhosis secondary to alcohol
7
Q
Management of HCC
A
- early disease: surgical resection
- liver transplant
- radiofrequency ablation
- transarterial chemoembolisation
- sorafenib: a multikinase inhibitor
