G. Mod. 1 Ergonomics And Periodontal Instrumentation

Question 1

Percentage of Musculoskeletal Disorders in dental professionals

Answer 1

64-93%

Question 2

Causes of Musculoskeletal disorders

Answer 2

1. Awkward posture (twisted torso)
2. Fixed working position (static)
3. Force (pinch grip)
4. Repetitive movements

Question 3

Ergonomics

Answer 3

Science concerned with the “fit” of people and tools/environment

Fit the user instead of forcing user to fit the equipment

Question 4

Common Musculoskeletal disorders in DH

Answer 4

1. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
2. Rotator Cuff Tendinitis
3. Pronator Syndrome
4. Extensors Wad Strain
5. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
6. Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
7. Tenosynovitis
8. Tendinitis

Question 5

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Answer 5

Definition: disorder of fingers, hand, wrist due to compression of brachial nerve plexus and vessels between the neck and shoulder

Cause: tilting head forward, hunching shoulders forward, and continuously reaching overhead

Symptoms: numbness/tingling in fingers hand and wrist

Question 6

Rotator Cuff Tendinitis

Answer 6

Def: inflammation of muscle tendons in shoulder

Cause: holding elbow above waist level, holding upper arm away from body

Question 7

Pronator Syndrome

Answer 7

Def: pain in wrist and hand bc compression of median nerve in between Pronator teres muscle

Cause: holding lower arm away from body

Question 8

Extensor Wad Strain

Answer 8

Fingers due to injury of the extensor muscles of the thumb and fingers

Cause: extending the fingers independently of each other

Question 9

Carpel Tunnel Syndrome

Answer 9

Wrist caused by compression of median nerve within carpal tunnel of the wrist

Cause: poor posture (median nerve ogs in the neck), bending hand, pinch gripping instrument without resting

Question 10

Ulnar Nerve Entrapment

Answer 10

Lower arm and wrist cause by compression of ulnar nerve as it passes through wrist

Cause: bending at wrist and holding little finger away from hand

Question 11

Tenosynovitis

Answer 11

Tendons on side of wrist and base of thumb

Cause: hand twisting, forceful gripping, bending hand back and to the side

Question 12

Tendinitis

Answer 12

Inflammation of tendons of wrist resulting from strain

Cause: repeatedly extending hand up or down at wrist

Question 13

Maxillary arch-lighting

Answer 13

Chin up
Light over neck and then titled up onto maxillary teeth

Question 14

Mandibular Arch-lighting

Answer 14

Chin down
Light perpendicular to floor
Jaw parallel to floor

Question 15

Magnification on Loupes

Answer 15

Magnifies tx area
Visual sharpness
Reduce strain-back, shoulders, eye