GIS

Question 1

what is peptic ulcers

Answer 1

ulcers in the stomach

Question 2

peptic ulcers
cause

Answer 2

Infection H.Pylori bacteria, that erodes mucosa layer in stomach = ulcers

Long term use of NSAIDS, causes mucosa layer susceptible to damage = ulcer

Question 3

peptic ulcers
risk factors

Answer 3

long term NSAIDS
High consumption of alcohol and caffeine
smokers

Question 4

peptic ulcers
symptoms and signs

Answer 4

abdom pains with increases with eating

this causes less eating and weight loss

bloating and fullness feeling

burping

heartburn

vomiting with blood and nausea

Question 5

peptic ulcers
complications

Answer 5

deep ulcers can cause bleeds, mostly at the left gastric artery. = body goes into shock

Question 6

What is diverticular disease

Answer 6

small pouch like protrusions in the large intestine

Question 7

diverticular disease
risk factors

Answer 7

genetic and environmental factors

high volume of alcohol and fatty foods
low fiber diet
long term NSAIDS
obesity
+40
lazy

Question 8

diverticular disease
cause

Answer 8

genetic and environmental factors

happens when increase pressure inside colon = mucosa bubble pushing out at a weak spot
can = rupture and increase to infection risks

Question 9

diverticular disease
signs and symptoms

Answer 9

fever
constipation and diarrhea with dark blood
abdom pain
vomiting and nausea

Question 10

what is appendicitis

Answer 10

inflammation of the appendix, mostly from obstruction

Question 11

appendicitis
cause

Answer 11

obstruction:
fecal matter
pin worm infection
undigested seeds

this causes:
increase pressure in appendix as it continues to secrete
=inflammation and pain
can = rupture, rebound tenderness can be a sign of this

Right low abdom pain

Question 12

appendicitis
signs and symptoms

Answer 12

decreased appetite
fever
constipation and diarrhea
abdom pain and bloating
vomiting and nausea

Question 13

what is Pancreatitis

Answer 13

acute = sudden inflammation, easily treatable

chronic = persistent inflammation, more complex

Question 14

Pancreatitis
cause

Answer 14

Acute =
digestive enzyme destruction so impaired secretion of proenzymes, caused by:
-alcohol abuse
-gall stones
-ethanol
-steroids

= insufficient hormones, eg insulin

chronic =
from structural changes:
-atrophy / cystic fibrosis
- healthy tissues replaced by:
misshaped ducts
fibrosis and calcium deposits
== inflammation

Question 15

Pancreatitis
what can it lead to

Answer 15

Diabetes mellitus

due to insufficient hormones - eg insulin

Question 16

Pancreatitis
signs and symptoms

Answer 16

fever
high pulse
dry mouth
diarrhea
abdom and back pain
swelling in feet
vomiting and nausea