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3J - IMMUNOSERO LEC (1ST SEM: PRELIMS) > HISTORY OF IMMUNOLOGY > Flashcards

HISTORY OF IMMUNOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Discovered that individuals who had previously contracted the disease, recovered from the illness

A

Thucydides (430 BC)

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2
Q

They practiced immunization by inhaling dried powders derived from the crust of smallpox lesions

A

Chinese (1000 AD)

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3
Q

Concluded that cowpox can be used for protection against small pox but can also be transmitted from one person to another for protection

A

Edward Jenner

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4
Q

when did Jenner published his book?

A

1798

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5
Q

Cow =

A

Vacca

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6
Q

Cowpox =

A

Vaccinia

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7
Q

Recognized phagocytosis

A

Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel (1862)

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8
Q

Discovered cellular theory of immunity through phagocytosis

A

Elie Metchnikoff

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9
Q

Father of immunology

A

Louis Pasteur

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10
Q

Progenitor of modern immunology

A

Louis Pasteur

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11
Q

Theory stating that “all infectious diseases can be prevented by prophylactic vaccination, and also treated by therapeutic vaccination if applied soon after infection”

A

Germ Theory of Disease by Louis Pasteur

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12
Q

When and who?

Live attenuated chicken cholera and anthrax vaccines

A

1880-1881, Louis Pasteur

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13
Q

When and who?

Therapeutic vaccination

A

1885, Louis Pasteur

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14
Q

When and who?

First report of live “attenuated” vaccine for rabies

A

1885, Louis Pasteur

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15
Q

Demonstrated that it was feasible to confer passive immunity against tetanus to an animal by injecting it with the blood serum of an infected animal (ANTITOXIN)

A

Von Behring & Shibasaburo Kitasato

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16
Q

Coined the term antitoxin

A

Von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato

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17
Q

The Antitoxin technique was successfully applied to establish immunity against - ?

A

Diphtheria

18
Q

When and Who?

Humoral Theory of Immunity

A

1890, Von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato

19
Q

When and who?

Demonstration of cutaneous (delayed-type) hypersensitivity

A

1891, Robert Koch

20
Q

When and Who?

Antibody formation theory

A

1900, Paul Ehrlich

21
Q

Another term for Antibody formation theory

A

side chain theory of antibody protection

22
Q

When and who?

Discovered immediate-hypersensitivity anaphylaxis

A

1902, Portier and Richet

23
Q

Developed the first effective vaccine against polio

A

Jonas Salk, 1949

24
Q

Pioneered the more easily administered Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV)

A

Albert Sabin, 1949

25
Q

proved that Yellow Fever is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito

A

Walter Reed

26
Q

When and Who?

Yellow Fever Vaccine

A

1951, Walter Reed

27
Q

Received the Nobel prize for developing a technique for producing 1st Monoclonal Antibodies

A

Georges Kohler, 1975

28
Q

Pure, uniform, and highly sensitive protein molecules used in diagnosing and combating a number of diseases

A

Monoclonal antibodies

29
Q

Isolated functionally distinct Th1 vs. Th2 model of T-helper cell function

Provided evidence that these two subsets were mutually inhibitory

A

Tim Mosmann

30
Q

When and Who?

Th1 vs. Th2 model of T-helper cell function

A

1986, Tim Mosmann

31
Q

When and Who?

Human Papillomavirus vaccine

A

2005, Ian Frazer

32
Q

Year?

Arthus reaction of intermediate hyersensitivity

A

1903

33
Q

Year?

Marrack: Hypothesis of antigen-antibody binding

A

1938

34
Q

Year?

Hypothesis of allograft rejection

A

1944

35
Q

Year?

Graft-versus-host reaction

A

1953

36
Q

Year?

Interferon

A

1957

37
Q

Year?

Human leukocyte antigens (HLA)

A

1958-1962

38
Q

Year?

T-cell and B-cell cooperation in immune response

A

1964-1968

39
Q

Year?

Identification of genes for T-cell receptor

A

1972; 1985-1987

40
Q

Year?

Monoclonal hepatitis B vaccine

A

1986

41
Q

Year?

Identification of toll-like receptors

A

1996-1998

42
Q

Year?

FOXP3, the gene directing regulatory T-cell development

A

2001

3J - IMMUNOSERO LEC (1ST SEM: PRELIMS) (4 decks)

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