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BDS Finals > Body Systems > Flashcards

Body Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Arthritis Definition

A

Inflammation of the joints

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2
Q

Arthrosis Definition

A

Non-inflammatory joint disease

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3
Q

Arthralgia Definition

A

Joint pain

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4
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Remove bone

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5
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Build bone

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6
Q

What minerals are needed for bone deposition (3)

A

Calcium
Phosphate
Vitamin D

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7
Q

Osteomalacia (3)

A

Poorly mineralised osteoid matrix and cartilage growth plate
Can be called rickets if it occurs during bone formation
Related to calcium deficiency

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8
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Loss of mineral and matrix

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9
Q

Bisphosphonate Use

A

Used to treat bone diseases like osteoporosis

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10
Q

Gout

A

Uric acid crystal deposition in joints

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11
Q

Dental aspects of gout (2)

A

Avoid aspirin
Medication may cause oral ulceration

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12
Q

Dental aspects of osteoarthritis (2)

A

Bleeding tendency
Oral ulceration possible due to NSAIDs

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13
Q

Dental aspects of SLE (systemic lupus erythematosis) (6)

A
  1. Oral ulceration
  2. GA risk
  3. Bleeding tendency
  4. Impaired drug metabolism
  5. Dryness, soreness
  6. Buccal and palatal lesions
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14
Q

Dental aspects of Sjogens Syndrome (7)

A
  1. Oral infection
  2. Caries risk
  3. Denture retention
  4. Salivary lymphoma
  5. Sialosis
  6. Xerostomia
  7. Candidiasis risk
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15
Q

Sialosis (3)

A
  1. Salivary gland disease
  2. Asymptomatic
  3. Non-inflammatory
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16
Q

Dental aspects of systemic sclerosis (4)

A
  1. Swallowing difficulties
  2. Erosion
  3. Limited mouth opening and tongue movement
  4. Widening of PDL
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17
Q

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A

Demyelination of axons

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18
Q

Dental aspects of MS (4)

A
  1. Limited mobility
  2. Treat under LA
  3. Chronic orofacial pain
  4. Higher trigeminal neuralgia risk
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19
Q

Dental aspects of motor neurone disease (2)

A

Drooling and swallowing difficulties
Muscle weakness in head and neck

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20
Q

Dental aspects of Parkinson’s (2)

A

Tremor - difficulty accepting treatment
Dry mouth

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21
Q

Dental aspects of antidepressants (4)

A

Dry mouth
Caries (lithium)
Sedation
Facial dyskinesias

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22
Q

Epilepsy (3)

A
  1. Reduced GABA levels in brain
  2. Abnormal cell-cell message propagation
  3. Abnormal discharge from neurones in the brain
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23
Q

Who is at risk of a febrile seizure

A

Children above 38 degrees

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24
Q

Classification of epilepsy (3)

A

Tonic/clonic
Absence
Myoclonic/atonic

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25
Q

Dental complications of treatment for epilepsy (3)

A

Gingival hyperplasia (phenytoin)
Bleeding tendency (valproate)
Folate deficiency (rare)

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26
Q

How should you assess the risk of a fit for an epilepsy patient (5)

A
  1. Good and bad phases
  2. Last 3 fits
  3. Compliance with medication
  4. Changes in medication
  5. Treat at times of low risk
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27
Q

Categories of mental health disorders

A

Neuroses
Psyhoses

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28
Q

Neuroses

A

Conditions where contact with reality is retained

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29
Q

Psychoses

A

Conditions where contact with reality is lost

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30
Q

Anxiolytic Drugs

A

Benzodiazepines

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31
Q

Drugs with pam ending

A

Anxiolytic drugs

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32
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Initially a disease of the synovium with gradual inflammatory joint destruction

33
Q

Dental aspects of rheumatoid arthritis (5)

A
  1. Bleeding risk - NSAIDs
  2. Infection risk - steroids
  3. Oral lichenoid reactions
  4. Oral ulceration
  5. Oral pigmentation
34
Q

Dental aspects of ankylosing spondylitis (3)

A

GA risk
Limited mouth opening
Limited neck flexion

35
Q

Bisphosphonates

A

Incorporated in skeleton
Inhibit bone turnover

36
Q

Risk factors for MRONJ (8)

A
  1. Extremes of age
  2. Concurrent use of corticosteroids
  3. Systemic conditions affecting bone turnover
  4. Malignancy
  5. Chemo and radiotherapy
  6. Duration of therapy
  7. Previous diagnosis of BRONJ
  8. Drug potency and IV administration
37
Q

Oral risk factors for MRONJ (6)

A
  1. Invasive dental procedures
  2. Dental trauma
  3. Poor OH
  4. Periodontal disease
  5. Alcohol or tobacco use
  6. Thin mucosal coverage
38
Q

How to treat patients on bisphosphonates (3)

A

Warn patient of risk of BRONJ
Make sure they fully understand
Still treat

39
Q

MRONJ

A

Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

40
Q

Most common physical impairment in children

A

Cerebral palsy

41
Q

How can osteoarthritis be improved (2)

A

Pain improved with NSAIDs
Lose weight

42
Q

Products of glycolysis

A

Glucose -> Pyruvate, NADH & ATP

43
Q

Glycocalyx function

A

Adhesion and protection

44
Q

Why should drug dosage be reduced for elderly patients

A

Reduced excretory capacity in kidney

45
Q

Haemophilia A

A

Factor VIII

46
Q

Haemophilia B

A

Factor IX

47
Q

Types of cerebral palsy (4)

A

Spastic
Ataxic
Dyskinetic
Combined

48
Q

Scurvy

A

Lack of vit C leading to defective collagen formation

49
Q

Dental aspects of scurvy (3)

A
  1. Loose teeth
  2. Skin haemorrhages
  3. Death
50
Q

Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (3)

A
  1. Defect in collagen VII which anchors epidermic to dermis
  2. Injuries lead to sever blistering of skin
  3. Pts often malnourished due to trauma of epithelium
51
Q

SLE

A
  1. Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
  2. Autoantibodies target host tissues
  3. Target tissues - skin, bones, tendons, kidneys
52
Q

Sjogrens

A

Autoimmune disease which affects glands which produce tears and saliva

53
Q

Dental aspects of diabetes mellitus (3)

A
  1. Periodontitis risk
  2. Dry mouth
  3. Infection risk
54
Q

Dental aspects of Downs Syndrome

A

Early onset periodontitis

55
Q

What is used to treat osteoarthritis

A

Prednisolone

56
Q

Medical conditions that result directly in salivary gland problems (6)

A
  1. Ectodermal dysplasia
  2. Sarcoidosis
  3. HIV
  4. Amyloidosis
  5. Haemachromatosis
  6. Cystic fibrosis
57
Q

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

A

Complication of VCZ infection that results in inflammation of the geniculate ganglion of CN VII

58
Q

Considerations for dental treatment for someone with type 1 diabetes (4)

A
  1. Enhanced prevention
  2. Time appts around blood glucose
  3. GA
  4. Anxiety
59
Q

Considerations for dental treatment for someone with acute lymphoblastic anaemia (5)

A
  1. Enhanced prevention
  2. Time appts around treatment
  3. Anxiety
  4. Fatigue with care
  5. Aggressive treatment planning against infection
60
Q

Dental radiographic signs of hyperparathyroidism

A

Loss of lamina dura

61
Q

Drug class ending in -aine

A

Anaesthetics
Lidocaine

62
Q

Drug class ending in -azole

A

Proton Pump Inhibitor
Omeprazole

63
Q

Drug class ending in -arin

A

Anticoagulants
Warfarin

64
Q

Drug class ending in -oxetine or -ipramine

A

Antidepressants
Fluoxetine

65
Q

Drug class ending in -one

A

Anti-inflammatory
Cortisone

66
Q

Drug class ending in -olol

A

Beta blockers
Propranolol

67
Q

Drug class ending in -erol

A

Bronchodilators (beta antagonist)
Albuterol

68
Q

Drug class ending in -sone or -solone (3)

A

Corticosteroids
Can also have cort or pred in the middle
Prednisolone

69
Q

Drug class ending in -semide or -thiazide

A

Diuretics
Furosemide

70
Q

Drug class ending in -statin

A

Statins
Atorvastatin

71
Q

Drug class ending in -dipine

A

Calcium channel blockers
Amlodipine

72
Q

Drug class ending in -dronate

A

Bisphosphonates
Alendronate

73
Q

Drug class ending in -fenac

A

NSAIDs

74
Q

Drug class ending in -gliptin or -glitazone

A

Antidiabetics

75
Q

Drug class ending in -mab

A

Monoclonal antibody
Infliximab

76
Q

Drug class ending in -nazole

A

Antifungal
Fluconazole

77
Q

Drug class ending in -pramine or -tyline

A

Tricyclic antidepressants
Desipramine

78
Q

Drug class ending in -pril

A

ACE inhibitor
Ramipril

BDS Finals (23 decks)

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