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Therapeutics 2 > T2 Aerosol Drug Therapy > Flashcards

T2 Aerosol Drug Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is aerosol ?

A

A suspended particle of a substance in a gas

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2
Q

Characteristics of therapeutic aerosol

A

Output
Particle size
Deposition
Aging

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3
Q

Factors affecting particle size

A

Substance being nebulizad
Nebulizar design
Aerosol generation method
Environmental conditions

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4
Q

MMAD

A

Mass median aerodynamic diameter

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5
Q

Upper AW recommended MMAD

A

5 to 50 um

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6
Q

Lower AW recommended MMAD

A

2 to 5 um

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7
Q

Parenchyma: alveolar region recommended MMAD

A

1-3 um

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8
Q

Parenchyma or exhaled recommended MMAD

A

<0.5 (<0.1) um

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9
Q

Deposition

A

The action of leaving the gas suspension

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10
Q

Emitted dose

A

The aerosol generated from the nebulizar

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11
Q

Inhaled dose

A

The part of the emitted dose that is inhaled

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12
Q

Inhaled mass

A

The actual amount of drug that is inhaled

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13
Q

Respirable mass

A

The proportion of the drug mass of proper size to reach lower AW

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14
Q

Key mechanisms of aerosol deposition are

A

Inertial impaction — large particles >5 um

Gravimetric sedimentation — deposition 1-5 um in central AW

Brownian diffusion— alveoli

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15
Q

Inertial impaction

A

Occurs when aerosol in motion collides with and are deposited on surface

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16
Q

Sedimentation

A

Occurs when aerosol particles settle out of suspension and are deposited due to gravity

17
Q

Breath holding increases what ?

A

Sedimentation

18
Q

Brownian diffusion

A

Primary deposition for particles <3 um in alveolar region

1-0.5 um are exhaled out

19
Q

Aging

A

The process by which aerosol suspensions change over time

20
Q

Factors affecting deposition

A

Inspiratory flow rate
Flow patterns
RR
VT
I:E ratio
Breath holding
AW obstruction and air- trapping

21
Q

Indications SVN

A

Promote bronchial hygiene
Deliver medications
Induce sputum

22
Q

Indications LVN

A

Humidify dry therapeutic gases
Presence of UAW edema
Post extubation edema
Bypassed UAWW
LTB / croup
promote bronchial hygiene
Induce sputum

23
Q

Hazards of aerosol therapy

A

Infection
AW reactivity
Pulmonary / systemic effects
Drug concentrations
Eye irritation
Second hand exposure

24
Q

Hazards of SVN

A

Bacterial contamination / infection

Bronchospasm

Drug reaction

25
Q

Hazards of LVN

A

Bacterial contamination / infection
Bronchospasm
Tracheal burns
AW obstruction from swelling of inspissated secretions
Fluid overload / over hydration

Therapeutics 2 (6 decks)

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