Cellular respiration

Question 1

define cellular respiration

Answer 1

the breaking down of organic compounds such as glucose through the gradual release of energy that is stored in ATP, Oxygen is required and Co2 and H20 are by-products

Question 2

law of conservation

Answer 2

photosynthesis is anabolic and builds glucose
cellular respiration is catabolic and break down glucose for life processes such as MRS GREN, active transport, and cell division

Question 3

process of aerobic respiration

Answer 3

requires oxygen
6c6h12o6 + 6O2- 6CO2+ 6H2O + energy in the form of ATP

Question 4

Explain the 3 phases of aerobic respiration

Answer 4

Glycolysis- occurs in cytosol (cytoplasm outside mitochondria)
6 Glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvic acid molecules and a small amount of energy-rich H atoms and ATP is released which is carried to mitochondria by coenzymes

Krebs Cycle- inside the mitochondria matrix
pyruvic acid goes through cyclic reactions to produce high-energy H atoms which are carried by co-enzymes to cristae.
Co2 released from cell)

Oxidative Phosphorylation- occurs in inner folds (cristae)
High-energy H atoms go through a hydrogen acceptor system- where the energy released at every hydrogen acceptor is used to bond a phosphate molecule to ADP to form ATP which is the energy carrier needed by cells for metabolic work.
the last acceptor is oxygen and two hydrogens bond to the oxygen to produce H2O

Question 5

how is anaerobic different from aerobic

Answer 5

does not need oxygen
only occurs in the cytosol
produces less energy
products are pyruvic acid and lactic acid / Co2 and ethanol

Question 6

explain anaerobic in animals

Answer 6

glycolysis occurs in cystosol and glucose is broken down into pyruvic acid and a small amount of energy is released. since there is no oxygen present, Krebs cycle cannot occur and the pyruvic acid turns into lactic acid which is stored (lactic acid fermentation) in muscle cells (pain/stiff)
when oxygen is present again- lactic back to pyruvic acid

Question 7

explain anaerobic in plants
and give examples

Answer 7

Glycolysis occurs and pyruvic acid will break down into CO2 and ethanol (alcoholic fermentation)
example- bread yeast turns sugar to CO2 which rises bread and ethanol which evaporates
beer has worts and malt barley and hops which yeast breaks sugar to make alcoholic beer

Question 8

describe two practicals for cellular respiration

Answer 8

Co2 released?
germinating seeds in a flask with water, raising thistle funnel and air will go in a gas tube turning lime water milky, meaning CO2 produced

Oxygen needed?
germinating seeds in test tube wire mesh and KOH which will dissolve CO2 released. O2 will be sucked from glass tube and color liquid move up meaning Oxygen is being used up.