STROKE Flashcards

1
Q

WHY DOES A STROKE OCCUR

A

WHEN AN ARTERY SUPPLYING THE BRAIN WITH BLOOD EITHER BECOMES BLOCKED OR BEGINS TO BLEED - CAUSING DEATH OF CNS NEURONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

WHAT AGE GROUP DOES STROKE MOST COMMONLY AFFECT

A

60+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T OR F STROKE IS THE LEADING CAUSE OF DISABILITY

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

WHAT PERCENT OF STROKE SURVIVORS SUFFER A DISABILITY

A

65%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T OR F STROKE KILLS MORE WOMEN THAN BREAST CANCER AND MORE MEN THAN PROSTATE CANCER

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

WHAT PERCENT OF STROKES CAN BE PREVENTED

A

80%+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 NON MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS OF A STROKE

A

GENDER, AGE, GENETICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

WHAT ARE SOME MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS FOR STROKE

A

HIGH BP
CIGARETTE SMOKING
DIABETES
HIGH CHOLESTEROL
HEAVY DRINKING AND SMOKING
POOR DIET
LACK OF EXERCISE
OBESITY
ATRIAL FIBRILATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF A STROKE

A

ISCHAEMIC AND HEMORRHAGIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

WHAT IS THE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION FOR PREVALENCE OF ISCHAEMIC VS HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

A

I = 85%
H = 15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF A ISCHAEMIC STROKE

A

LOWERED BLOOD SUPPLY TO AN AREA OF THE BAIN THAT RESULTS IN HYPOPERFUSION, HYPOXIA, NEURONAL NECROSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

WHAT ARE THE MECHANISMS OF AN ISCHAEMIC STROKE

A

EMBOLISM (BLOOD VLOT FROM SOMEWHERE ELSE THAT TRAVELLED), THROMBOSIS (BLOOD CLOT FORMED LOCALLY)
SYSTEMIC HYPOPERFUSION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

WHAT IS A TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK

A

A TRANSIENT EPISODE OF NEUROLOGICAL DYSFUNCTION CAUSED BY FOCAL BRAIN ISCHEMIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

WHAT ARE THE GENERALISED S/S OF ISCHEMIC STROKE (RAISED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE)

A

HA, SEIZURES, LOSS OF CONCIOUSNESS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

WHAT ARE THE FOCAL S/S OF AN ISCHEMIC STROKE (CNS TISSUE DEATH/DYSFUNCTION)

A

UNILATERAL:
FACIAL DROOPING
ARM WEAKNESS
SPEECH DIFFICULTIES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

A

OCCURS WHEN A CEREBRAL BLOOD VESSEL RUPTURES

17
Q

WHAT ARE THE MAIN TYPES OF HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

A

SPONTANEOUS INTRACEREBRAL HAEMORRHAGE , AND SPONTANEOUS SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE

18
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF A SPONTANEOUS INTRACEREBRAL HAEMORRHAGE

A

HYPERTENSION

19
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF A SPONTANEOUS SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE

A

RUPTURED BERRY ANEURYSM

20
Q

WHAT TYPE OF STROKE HAS THE HIGHEST DEATH RATE

A

SIH STROKE (SPONTANEOUS INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE STROKE)

21
Q

WHAT IS A BERRY ANEURYSM

A

SMAL ANEURYSMS THAT RESEMBLE A BERRY CLASSICALLY FORMED IN THE CIRCLE OF WILLIS

22
Q

WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE ACUTE STAGE OF STROKE TREATMENT

A

THROMBOLYSIS (ISCHEMIC ONLY)
corticosteroids
dieuretics
control hypertension

23
Q

what is included in the post accute stage of stroke treatment

A

Maintenance of vital signs
control hypertension
rehab